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Cassia fistula L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Cassieae

GENUS: Cassia L.

Cassia fistula L. [Preferred name]
    Bactyrilobium fistula Willd. {Synonym}
    Cassia bonplandiana DC. {Synonym}
    Cassia excelsa Kunth {Synonym}
    Cassia fistuloides Collad. {Synonym}
    Cassia rhombifolia Roxb. {Synonym}
    Cathartocarpus excelsus G.Don {Synonym}
    Cathartocarpus fistula Pers. {Synonym}
    Cathartocarpus fistuloides (Collad.)G.Don {Synonym}
    Cathartocarpus rhombifolius G.Don {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Aehaela-gaha [2023]; Ahalla-gass [2023]; Amaltas [2264, 3030]; Bandarlauri [3391]; Baton Casse [2157]; Butor [1941]; Canafistol [2157]; Canafistola [1409]; Canafistula [1470, 2157]; Canafistula Mansa [2157]; Canefice [1470]; Caneficier [1936, 1941]; Casse [1470, 2157]; Casse Espagnole [2157]; Casse Medicinale [3052]; Casse-habitant [1470]; Cassia Stick Tree [1470, 3066]; Cassia-Stick Tree [3066]; Cassie [1941]; Chacara [2157]; Ekela [2023]; Girimaloah [3030]; Golden Rain [2968]; Golden Shower [1862, 1902, 1915, 2002, 2264, 2266, 2825, 2968, 3391, 3618]; Guayaba Cimarrona [2157]; Indian Laburnum [2, 1915, 1941, 2002, 2264, 3030, 3391, 3618, 3911]; Kaisai [2265]; Kas [1470]; La Casse [3056]; Pudding-pipe Tree [1430, 2002]; Purging Cassia [1902, 3391]; Purging Fistula [3030, 3618]; Rohrenkassie [1936]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (I) [110]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Kenya (I) [8]; Malawi (I) [8]; South Africa (I) [107]; Tanzania (I) [8]; Uganda (I) [2, 8]; Zimbabwe (I) [8]
  Asia
Bangladesh (N) [3383]; Bhutan (I) [1947]; Brunei (I) [3939]; Cambodia (I) [1935]; China (I) [1935, 2002, 3407]; East Timor (I) [3911]; India (N) [107, 261, 1944, 1947, 2002, 3017, 3027, 3028, 3040, 3042, 3092, 3094, 3116, 3140, 3366, 3370, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3377, 3380, 3384, 3584, 3609, 3618, 3624]; Andhra Pradesh [3384]; Arunachal Pradesh [3040]; Assam [3370]; Bihar [3609]; Dadra-Nagar-Haveli [3094]; Delhi [3372]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3584]; Karnataka [1944]; Kerala [3380]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3116]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3042]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [1947]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3624]; West Bengal [3618]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (N) [1935, 2002, 2998, 3911]; Bali [3911]; Iran (I) [1939]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Jawa (N) [3911]; Kalimantan (N) [2998]; Laos (I) [1935]; Lesser Sunda Is (N) [3911]; Malaysia (N) [2002, 3911]; Moluccas (N) [3911]; Myanmar (N) [2021]; Nepal (N) [2898, 3369]; Pakistan (I) [2021]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [3911]; Philippines (I) [3911]; Ryukyu Is (N) [2825]; Singapore (I) [3011]; Sri Lanka (N) [107, 261, 2002, 2023]; Sulawesi (N) [3911]; Sumatera (N) [3911]; Taiwan (I) [1931, 2902]; Thailand (U) [2002]; Vietnam (I) [1935]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; Queensland [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda (I) [1790]; Barbados (I) [1790]; Cayman Is (I) [453]; Cuba (I) [1409]; Dominica (I) [1790]; Dominican Republic (I) [2157]; Grenada (I) [1790]; Guadeloupe (I) [1790]; Haiti (I) [2157]; Martinique (I) [1790]; Puerto Rico (I) [1430]; St Lucia (I) [1790]; St Vincent (I) [1790]
  Central America
Belize (I) [1242]; Costa Rica (I) [1367]; El Salvador (I) [2156]; Guatemala (I) [1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (I) [1470]; Mexico(South East) (I) [151, 1188, 1470, 1637]; Nicaragua (I) [1613]; Panama (I) [1606]
  Indian Ocean
Andaman Is (I) [3389]; Laccadive Is (I) [3366]; Maldives (I) [3366]; Mauritius (I) [1915, 3052, 3066]; Rodrigues (I) [3060]; Seychelles (I) [1941]
  North America
United States (I) [151, 1114, 1542, 3157]; Florida [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Fiji (I) [1940, 2264]; Hawaii (I) [151]; Niue (I) [2266]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]; Society Is (I) [2968]; Tonga (I) [2265]
  South America
Argentina (I) [1114]; Brazil (I) [151]; Colombia (I) [151]; French Guiana (I) [2285]; Guyana (I) [2285]; Peru (I) [1442]; Surinam (I) [2285]; Venezuela (I) [151]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [107];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [107, 151, 261, 1430, 1470, 1931, 1935, 1936, 1941, 1947, 2002, 2021, 2023, 2157, 2825, 3001, 3011, 3391, 3407, 3898, 3911] ; Illustration [10, 261, 1430, 1929, 1931, 1935, 1947, 2002, 2085, 2157, 3001, 3391, 3407]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [1941] ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names, 2005-10 von Raab-Straube E - Ed.scr.German Names ; Habit: Tree [261] [1941] ; Lifespan: Perennial [261] [1941] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 1999-

  
USES:
  Chemical products [107, 2264, 3391, 3454]; Domestic [3911]; Environmental [107, 1941, 2021, 2023, 2264, 2825, 2829, 2968, 3391, 3911]; Food and Drink [1935, 3034]; Medicine [107, 1947, 2002, 2021, 2023, 2829, 3001, 3030, 3056, 3391, 3618, 3911]; Miscellaneous [1947, 2021, 2023, 3030, 3034, 3383, 3391, 3618]; Wood [1862, 2002, 2021, 2023, 3030, 3383, 3391, 3618, 3911]

  
NOTES:
  Probably native of India, Sri-Lanka and Malesia. At an early date spread to [2002]
  China, Egypt and later thruoghout the tropics for medical purposes, but mainly [2002]
  as ornamental. [2002]
  There is a note on the label (K) Lakshnakara 1375: "Bark used for tannin". [3454]
  Commonly cultivated. [261]
  Native of Sri Lanka/India. [3938]
  Native to S.E. Asia. [1915]

  
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