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Senna obtusifolia (L.)H.S.Irwin & Barneby

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HIGHER TAXON: Cassieae

GENUS: Senna Mill.

Senna obtusifolia (L.)H.S.Irwin & Barneby [Preferred name]
    Cassia humilis Collad. {Synonym}
    Cassia obtusifolia L. {Synonym}
    Cassia tora sensu auct. {Misapplied}
    Cassia tora var. b Wight & Arn. {Synonym}
    Cassia tora var. humilis (Collad.)Collad. {Synonym}
    Cassia tora var. obtusifolia (L.)Haines {Synonym}
    Cassia toroides Raf. {Synonym}
    Cassia toroides Roxb. {Synonym}
    Diallobus falcatus Raf. {Synonym}
    Diallobus uniflorus Raf. {Synonym}
    Senna toroides Roxb. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Akondrondolo [3402]; Brusca Cimarrona [2157]; Brusca Hembra [2157]; Chakwar [3392]; Charamazca [151]; Coffee Weed [3157]; Coffeeweed [1850]; Dormidera [3350]; Fedegosa [1414]; Fedegoso [1414]; Hediondilla [151]; Low Senna [2153]; Matapasto [151]; Pistache Marron [2157]; Sicklepod [1850, 1902]; Taperiva [3350]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (I) [110]; Benin (I) [3359]; Burkina (I) [3359]; Burundi (I) [8]; Cameroon (I) [111]; Central African Rep. (I) [3344]; Chad (I) [64]; Equatorial Guinea (I) [11]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Gabon (I) [112]; Gambia The (I) [11]; Ghana (I) [11]; Guinea (I) [11]; Guinea Bissau (I) [11]; Ivory Coast (I) [8]; Kenya (I) [106]; Liberia (I) [11]; Libya (I) [141]; Malawi (I) [8]; Mali (I) [11]; Mauritania (I) [8]; Mozambique (I) [8]; Namibia (I) [107]; Niger (I) [11]; Nigeria (I) [11]; Sao Tome & Principe (I) [8]; Senegal (I) [11]; Sierra Leone (I) [11]; Socotra (I) [8]; Somalia (I) [1764]; South Africa (I) [107]; Sudan (I) [29]; Tanzania (I) [106]; Togo (I) [11]; Uganda (I) [106]; Zaire (I) [113]; Zambia (I) [28]; Zimbabwe (I) [8]
  Asia
India (I) [1914, 3017, 3020, 3024, 3028, 3031, 3094, 3140, 3366, 3373, 3375, 3377, 3378, 3391, 3392]; Andhra Pradesh [3391]; Bihar [3031]; Dadra-Nagar-Haveli [3094]; Delhi [3366]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3391]; Karnataka [3020]; Kerala [3391]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3024]; Orissa [3391]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Tamil Nadu [3391]; Uttar Pradesh [3392]; West Bengal [3378]; Indonesia (I) [261, 1936, 3911]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Irian Jaya (N) [261]; Jawa (N) [3911]; Malaysia (I) [1936, 3911]; Pakistan (N) [2021]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [3911]; Singapore (I) [2111]; Sri Lanka (I) [2023]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880, 3337]; Western Australia [3337]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Bahamas (U) [2153]; Caribbean-TRP (U) [151, 1430, 1470]; Dominican Republic (U) [2157]; Haiti (U) [2157]; Virgin Is (U) [3328]
  Central America
Belize (U) [3362]; Costa Rica (U) [3363]; El Salvador (U) [2156]; Guatemala (U) [3364]; Honduras (U) [3344]; Mexico(North & Central) (U) [1470]; Mexico(South East) (U) [1117, 1188]; Nicaragua (U) [3348]; Panama (U) [1224]
  Indian Ocean
Comoro Is (I) [3330]; Madagascar (N) [3330, 3402]; Mayotte (I) [3330]; Reunion (I) [1915]
  Middle East
Oman (I) [1939]; Yemen (I) [1939]
  North America
United States (U) [151, 261, 1430, 1470, 1850, 2157, 3157, 3328, 3338, 3352, 3353, 3365]; Alabama [3157]; Arkansas [3157]; California [3328]; Delaware [3157]; Florida [3157]; Georgia [3157]; Illinois [1850]; Indiana [3328, 3365]; Kansas [3157]; Kentucky [3157]; Louisiana [3157]; Maryland [3328]; Massachusetts [3328, 3352]; Mississippi [3157]; Missouri [1850]; Nebraska [3328]; New York [3328]; North Carolina [3157]; Oklahoma [1850, 3157]; Pennsylvania [3328, 3353]; Rhode Island [3157]; South Carolina [3157]; Tennessee [3157]; Texas [1850, 3157]; Virginia [3157]; West Virginia [3328]; Wisconsin [3338]
  Pacific Ocean
Hawaii (I) [1949]
  South America
Argentina (U) [151]; Corrientes [151]; Misiones [151]; Salta [151]; Tucuman [151]; Bolivia (U) [151]; Brazil (U) [151, 1414]; Colombia (U) [151]; Ecuador (U) [151]; French Guiana (U) [2285]; Guyana (U) [2285]; Paraguay (U) [151]; Peru (U) [151]; Surinam (U) [2285]; Venezuela (U) [3361]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Guinea-Congolia/Sudania regional transition zone; anthropic landscapes. [106];
    Sahel regional transition zone - wooded grassland. [33];
    Somalia-Masai anthropic landscapes [106];
    Sudanian anthropic landscapes [106];
    Zambezian anthropic landscapes. [106];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [106, 111, 113, 151, 261, 1850, 1862, 1915, 1919, 2021, 2023, 2153, 2157, 3001, 3391, 3402] ; Illustration [24, 149, 1919, 2021, 3391]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [3402] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2003-02 Brewer PW, 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915], Shrub [261] ; Lifespan: Annual [261] [1915], Perennial [261] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 2003-11 (Madagascar) Novoselova MS extract [3402], 2004 (Malesia) Lock JM & Ford C (SJ2005), 2004-11 (

  
USES:
  Chemical products [14]; Food and Drink [14, 2023, 3034, 3391]; Medicine [14, 2021, 2023, 3034, 3391, 3911]; Miscellaneous [3391]; Weed [261, 1919, 3402]

  
NOTES:
  Specimen v0047981WIS from Wisconsin State Herbarium. []
  Collected in Michingan 1919, by railway in Detroit [1808]
  'Waif or ephemeral', NY State, 'not known from the wild' [3360]

  
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