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Senna occidentalis (L.)Link

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HIGHER TAXON: Cassieae

GENUS: Senna Mill.

Senna occidentalis (L.)Link [Preferred name]
    Cassia caroliniana Walter {Synonym}
    Cassia ciliata Raf. {Synonym}
    Cassia falcata L. {Synonym}
    Cassia foetida Pers. {Synonym}
    Cassia laevigata sensu auct. {Misapplied}
    Cassia macradenia Collad. {Synonym}
    Cassia obliquifolia Schrank {Synonym}
    Cassia occidentalis (L.)Rose {Synonym}
    Cassia occidentalis L. {Synonym}
    Cassia occidentalis var. arista sensu Hassk., non DC. {Synonym}
    Cassia occidentalis var. aristata Collad. {Synonym}
    Cassia planisiliqua L. {Synonym}
    Ditramexa occidentalis Britton & Rose {Synonym}
    Ditremexa occidentalis (L.)Britton & Wilson {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Arsenic Bean [261]; Bicho [151]; Brusca [151]; Brusca Hembra [2157]; Brusca Macho [2157]; Cafe De Bonpland [151]; Cafe De Campo [151]; Cafe Negre [1935, 2157]; Cafetillo [151]; Cafeton [151]; Casse Fetide [2157]; Casse Puante [1915, 1935, 1941]; Chilinchile [151]; Coffee Senna [151, 261, 1850, 1902, 1915, 2023, 2153, 2968, 3391]; Coffee Weed [3157]; Coffeeweed [1850, 2023]; Cornezuelo [151]; Dandelion [151, 453]; Fedegosa [151]; Fedegoso [151]; Fedegoso-verdadeiro [1414]; Foetid Cassia [3391]; Frijolillo [151]; Gros Indigo Sauvage [1915]; Gros Indigo a Fleurs Jaunes [3053]; Hediondilla [151]; Kasondi [3030]; Kaspyant [3058]; Katsakatsa [3402]; Maimbobe [3402]; Mamuri [151]; Martinica [151]; Mata Pasta [151]; Mata Patinho [151]; Negro Coffee [1902, 3391]; Paramarioba [151]; Peni-tora [2023]; Pois Piante [2157]; Pois Piante Noir [2157]; Pois Puant [151]; Pois Puant Noir [151]; Potra [151]; Retamilla [151]; Rubbish Cassia [3391]; Souveraine [1915]; Stinking Weed [106, 151, 1941, 3391]; Styptic Weed [151]; Taperiba [151]; Taratucu [151]; Tsitsorinangatra [3402]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (U) [110]; Burundi (U) [8]; Cameroon (I) [111]; Central African Rep. (U) [8]; Chad (U) [8]; Djibouti (U) [1765]; Equatorial Guinea (U) [11]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Gabon (I) [112]; Ghana (U) [11]; Guinea (U) [11]; Ivory Coast (U) [11]; Kenya (U) [106]; Liberia (U) [11]; Libya (U) [141]; Mali (U) [11]; Mozambique (U) [8]; Namibia (U) [107]; Niger (U) [11]; Nigeria (U) [11]; Rwanda (U) [8]; Senegal (U) [11]; Sierra Leone (U) [11]; South Africa (U) [107]; Sudan (U) [29]; Swaziland (U) [107]; Tanzania (U) [106]; Togo (U) [11]; Uganda (U) [106]; Zaire (I) [113]; Zambia (U) [28]
  Asia
Bangladesh (I) [3019]; Bhutan (I) [1947]; Brunei (I) [3939]; Cambodia (I) [1935]; China (N) [3407]; India (I) [1914, 3040, 3366, 3387, 3391]; Andhra Pradesh [3391]; Arunachal Pradesh [3040]; Assam [3366]; Bihar [3391]; Delhi [3366]; Goa [3366]; Gujarat [3391]; Haryana [3391]; Himachal Pradesh [3391]; Jammu-Kashmir [3391]; Karnataka [3391]; Kerala [3391]; Madhaya Pradesh [3391]; Maharashtra [3391]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3391]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3391]; Rajasthan [3391]; Sikkim [3391]; Tamil Nadu [3391]; Tripura [3366]; Uttar Pradesh [3387]; West Bengal [3391]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (I) [261, 1936, 3911]; Iran (I) [1939]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Irian Jaya (I) [261]; Jawa (N) [3911]; Kalimantan (N) [3911]; Laos (I) [1935]; Lesser Sunda Is (N) [3911]; Malaysia (I) [1936, 3911]; Moluccas (N) [3911]; Nepal (N) [2898]; Pakistan (I) [2021]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [3911]; Philippines (I) [1979, 3911]; Russia in Asia (N) Primorye [4449]; Ryukyu Is (I) [2825]; Singapore (I) [2111]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957, 2023]; Sulawesi (N) [3911]; Sumatera (N) [3911]; Taiwan (I) [1929]; Thailand (I) [2002]; Vietnam (I) [1935]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Bahamas (U) [2153]; Cayman Is (N) [453]; Dominican Republic (N) [2157]; Haiti (N) [2157]
  Central America
El Salvador (N) [2156]; Mexico(North & Central) (N) [1470]; Mexico(South East) (N) [1470]; Panama (N) [1224]
  Indian Ocean
Aldabra (U) [1941, 3055]; Alphonse Group [1941]; Amirantes Group [1941]; Assumption I [3055]; Astove I [1941]; Coetivy I [1941]; Cosmoledo I [1941]; Farquahar Group [1941]; Platte I [1941]; Andaman Is (I) [3391]; Chagos Archipelago (U) [3065]; Christmas I (I) [3920]; Comoro Is (U) [3054, 4747]; Anjouan I [4747]; Laccadive Is (I) [3076, 3379]; Madagascar (N) [1982, 3402]; Maldives (U) [3080, 3617]; Mauritius (I) [1915, 3067]; Agalega I [3067]; Nicobar Is (I) [3391]; Reunion (I) [1915]; Rodrigues (I) [1915]; Seychelles (I) [1941]
  Middle East
Lebanon (U) [1939]; Saudi Arabia (I) [1939]; South Yemen (I) [1939]; Yemen (I) [1939]
  North America
United States (I) [151, 1430, 1470, 3157]; Alabama [3157]; Arkansas [3157]; Florida [3157]; Georgia [3157]; Kansas [3157]; Louisiana [3157]; Maryland [3157]; Massachusetts [3157]; Mississippi [3157]; Nebraska [3157]; New York [3157]; North Carolina [3157]; Oklahoma [3157]; South Carolina [3157]; Texas [3157]; Virginia [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (I) [261]; Cook Is (I) [2265]; Fiji (I) [2264]; Gilbert Is (I) [2235]; Hawaii (I) [151]; Marquesas (I) [2968]; Marshall Is (I) [2235]; Nauru (I) [2235]; Niue (I) [2266]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]; Ogasawara-Shoto (I) [2835]; Samoa-JML (I) [2265]; Society Is (I) [2968]; Solomon Is (I) [261]; Tonga (I) [2265]
  South America
Argentina (N) [151]; Bolivia (N) [151]; Brazil (N) [151, 1414]; Colombia (N) [151]; French Guiana (N) [2285]; Guyana (N) [2285]; Peru (N) [151]; Surinam (N) [2285]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Guinea-Congolia/Sudania regional transition zone; anthropic landscapes. [11];
    Guinea-Congolian anthropic landscapes [113];
    Somalia-Masai anthropic landscapes [106];
    Zambezian anthropic landscapes. [106];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [106, 151, 261, 453, 1850, 1862, 1915, 1919, 1935, 1941, 2002, 2006, 2021, 2023, 2111, 2153, 2157, 2825, 3001, 3055, 3057, 3391, 3402, 3407, 3898, 3911] ; Illustration [10, 106, 149, 261, 405, 1862, 1915, 1919, 1929, 1935, 2002, 2021, 3001, 3391]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [151] [261] [1941] [3402] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [151] [261] [1941], Shrub [261] [3060] ; Lifespan: Annual [151] [261] [3055], Perennial [261] [3055] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 1999-

  
USES:
  Environmental [1862, 3920]; Food and Drink [453, 1915, 1935, 1947, 2002, 2829, 2968, 3391, 3402, 3911]; Medicine [14, 52, 107, 261, 405, 1935, 1941, 2021, 2023, 2829, 2968, 3030, 3391]; Miscellaneous [1947, 3030]; Toxins [2968, 3055, 3391]; Weed [261, 1919, 1935, 1941, 2002, 2264, 2265, 3402]

  
NOTES:
  Species habit is herb or subshrub. [2825]
  Probably of South American origin. [261]
  Weed in gardens, paddocks and pastures; possibly poisonous to livestock. [261]
  DeWit recognises var.schinifolia (DC.)DeWit, introduced into PNG. [3911]
  Alien to Far East: near Novo-Nikolskoe village [4449]
  Possibly native to South America. [3055]

  
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