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Gleditsia triacanthos L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Caesalpinieae

GENUS: Gleditsia L.

Gleditsia triacanthos L. [Preferred name]
    Acacia americana Stokes {Synonym}
    Acacia inermis Steud. {Synonym}
    Acacia laevis Steud. {Synonym}
    Acacia triacanthos Gron. {Synonym}
    Caesalpiniodes triacanthum (L.)Kuntze {Synonym}
    Gleditschia triacanthos L. {Orthographic variant}
    Gleditsia brachycarpa (Michx.)Pursh {Synonym}
    Gleditsia bujotii Neumann {Synonym}
    Gleditsia bujotii var. pendula Rehder {Synonym}
    Gleditsia elegans Salisb. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia ferox var. nana Rehder {Synonym}
    Gleditsia flava Steud. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia heterophylla Raf. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia horrida Salisb. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia inermis L. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia inermis var. elegantissima Grosdem. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia laevis G.Don {Synonym}
    Gleditsia latifolia Lavallee {Synonym}
    Gleditsia latisilique Steud. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia meliloba Walter {Synonym}
    Gleditsia micracantha Steud. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia polysperma Stokes {Synonym}
    Gleditsia sinensis var. nana Asch. & Graebn. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia sinensis var. nana Loudon {Synonym}
    Gleditsia spinosa Marsh {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. brachycarpos Michx. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. bujotii (Neumann)Rehder {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. horrida Aiton {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis (L.)Castigl. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis Willd. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. laevis Koch {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. macrocarpos Michx. {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. nana Henry {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthos var. polysperma Aiton {Synonym}
    Gleditsia triacanthus Mill. {Synonym}
    Melilobus heterophyla Raf. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Acacia De Tres Puas [4061]; Acacia Negra [1140]; Algarroba Turca [1140]; Common Honey-Locust [1862, 3602]; Fevier Epineux [4061]; Gledichiya Obyknovennaya [4432]; Gledichiya Tryokhkolyuchkovaya [4713]; Gleditschie [4061]; Honey Locust [107, 1847, 2960]; Honey-chuck [1847]; Honey-locust [4061]; Iglicznia [4061]; Sheitan-agadzhy [2185]; Spino Di Cristo [4061]; Sweet Locust [1862, 3602]; Three-thorned Acacia [1862, 3602]; Tzankanush [2185]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Mozambique (I) [8]; South Africa (I) [107]; Uganda (I) [106]; Zimbabwe (I) [8]
  Asia
Afghanistan (I) [1872]; Armenia (I) [2185]; Azerbaijan (I) Azerbaijan* [4169]; China (I) [3406]; Shanghai [3403]; Gruzia (I) [2185]; India (I) [1914, 3140, 3382]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Punjab [3382]; Uttar Pradesh [1914]; Iran (I) [1862]; Iraq (I) [1862]; Kazakhstan (I) Alma-Ata [3550]; Chimkent [3550]; Dzhambul [3550]; Kirgizstan (I) Frunze [4621]; Pakistan (I) [2021]; Russia in Asia (I) Adygea [2185]; Checheno-Ingushetia [2185]; Dagestan [2185]; Kabardino-Balkaria [2185]; Karacheyevo-Cherkessia [2185]; Krasnodar [2185]; Severo-Osetia [2185]; Stavropol [2185]; Tadzhikistan (I) Dushanbe [3549, 4587]; Uzbekistan (I) [4145]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; New South Wales [1880]; Queensland [1880]; Western Australia [1880]
  Europe
Austria (I) [754]; Belarus (I) [4157]; Bulgaria (I) [754]; Corsica (U) [454]; Czechoslovakia (I) [754]; France (I) [754]; Germany (I) [754]; Italy (I) [754]; Kriti (I) [454]; Moldova (I) [4177, 4418]; Portugal (I) [754]; Romania (I) [754]; Russia in Europe (I) Astrakhan [4079, 4457]; Belgorod [4647]; Bryansk [4105]; Kaliningrad [4220]; Kalmykia [4060]; Lipetsk [4035]; Rostov-Don [4724]; Volgograd [4079]; Voronezh [4201]; Sicilia (I) [454]; Spain (I) [754]; Ukraine (I) Chernovtsy [4258]; Donetsk [4705]; Ivano-Frankovsk [4258]; Kharkov [4705]; Kherson [4705]; Khmelnitski [4258]; Kiev [4395]; Krym [4079, 4713]; Lvov [4258]; Nikolaev [4705]; Odessa [4678]; Rovno [4258]; Ternopol [4258]; Volynia [4258]; Voroshilovgrad [4705]; Zakarpatskaya [4258]; Zaporozhye [4705]
  Indian Ocean
Mauritius (I) [1915]
  North America
Canada (N) [1542, 1555, 1743]; Nova Scotia [1542, 1743]; Ontario [1542, 1743]; United States (N) [1252, 1309, 1324, 1325, 1331, 1361, 1367, 1431, 1555, 1680, 1688, 1915, 3157]; Alabama [1361, 3157]; Arizona [3157]; Arkansas [1361, 3157]; California [1361, 3157]; Connecticut [1361]; Delaware [1361, 3157]; Florida [1361, 3157]; Georgia [1361, 3157]; Idaho [3157]; Illinois [1361, 3157]; Indiana [1361, 3157]; Iowa [1361, 3157]; Kansas [1361, 3157]; Kentucky [1361, 3157]; Louisiana [1361, 3157]; Maryland [1361, 3157]; Massachusetts [1361]; Michigan [1361]; Minnesota [1361, 3157]; Mississippi [1361, 3157]; Missouri [1361, 3157]; Nebraska [1361, 3157]; Nevada [1361, 3157]; New Jersey [1361]; New York [1361, 3157]; North Carolina [1361, 3157]; North Dakota [1361]; Ohio [1361, 3157]; Oklahoma [1361, 3157]; Pennsylvania [1361, 3157]; Rhode Island [3157]; South Carolina [1361, 3157]; South Dakota [1361, 3157]; Tennessee [1361, 3157]; Texas [1361, 3157]; Utah [1361, 3157]; Virginia [1361, 3157]; West Virginia [1361, 3157]; Wisconsin [1361, 3157]
  Pacific Ocean
New Zealand(North) (I) [2265]
  South America
Argentina (I) [1114]; Buenos Aires [1114]; Cordoba [1114]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [106];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [754, 1140, 1847, 1862, 1915, 1917, 2021, 3403, 3406, 4432] ; Distribution Map [1361] ; Illustration [1140, 1808, 1862, 1917, 4145, 4713]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [3052] [4432] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] ; Habit: Tree [3052] [4432] ; Lifespan: Perennial [3052] [4432] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1993 Zarucchi JL ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1991 (W Asia) Lock JM & Simpson K, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Adams BR, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucc

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3030]; Environmental [1862, 2021, 2265, 4432]; Food and Drink [1862]; Forage [121, 1862, 2007, 2021, 4432]; Medicine [121, 3030]; Miscellaneous [2021]; Wood [2021, 3030]

  
NOTES:
  Widely introduced to southern Provinces and sometimes naturalised [4713]

  
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

8.

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3403.

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3406.

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3549.

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3550.

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3602.

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4035.

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4105.

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4145.

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4220.

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4713.

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4724.

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