[Home | Genus | Latin names]

Arachis hypogaea L.

Email comments
HIGHER TAXON: Aeschynomeneae

GENUS: Arachis L.

Arachis hypogaea L. [Preferred name]
    Arachis hypogaea ssp. oleifera A.Chev. {Synonym}
    Arachis nambyquarae Hoehne {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Alune Americane [4061]; Alune Depemynt [4177]; Amendoim [4061]; Arachide [14, 1915, 4061]; Aracide [4061]; Arakhis Podzemnyi [4433]; Cacachuet [4061]; Cacahouete [1915]; Cacahuete [1915]; Cacahuetes [2157]; Earthnut [1957, 3066]; Erdnuss [4061]; Erfyndygy [4037]; Eryongok [4333]; Goober [1902]; Ground Nut [2111]; Groundnut [14, 1902, 1915, 1941, 1957, 2264, 2909, 3030, 3587, 4061]; Jordnot [4061]; Khuasan [4672]; Kitaiski Boby [4694]; Kitaiskie Oreshki [4037]; Maapahkina [4061]; Mancarra [4061]; Mani [1645, 4061]; Mani Largo [2157]; Mendobi [4061]; Monkeynut [454, 1947, 1957, 2201, 3030, 3066]; Mumphali [3028, 3030]; Mungphali [3028, 3030]; Orzech Ziemny [4061]; Peanut [14, 261, 1430, 1645, 1902, 1915, 1941, 1947, 1957, 2264, 2968, 3030, 4061]; Pindels [1430]; Pistach [1790]; Pistache [1941, 2157]; Pistache de Terre [1915]; Zemlyani Gorikhy [4694]; Zemlyanoi Orekh [4433]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (I) [216]; Burundi (I) [236]; Cameroon (I) [14]; Chad (I) [64]; Djibouti (I) [1765]; Equatorial Guinea (I) [8]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Gabon (I) [16]; Gambia The (I) [14]; Ghana (I) [14]; Guinea (I) [14]; Guinea Bissau (I) [14]; Ivory Coast (I) [14]; Liberia (I) [14]; Malawi (I) [237]; Mali (I) [14]; Mozambique (I) [237]; Namibia (I) [8]; Niger (I) [78]; Nigeria (I) [14]; Rwanda (I) [220]; Sao Tome & Principe (I) [217]; Senegal (I) [14]; Sierra Leone (I) [14]; South Africa (I) [8]; Sudan (I) [29]; Tanzania (I) [210]; Togo (I) [14]; Uganda (I) [210]; Zaire (I) [236]; Zambia (I) [237]; Zimbabwe (I) [237]
  Asia
Azerbaijan (I) Azerbaijan* [4169]; Nakhichevan [4169]; Bhutan (I) [1947]; China (I) [1179, 3429]; India (I) [1862, 1914, 3017, 3020, 3027, 3028, 3092, 3094, 3098, 3366, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3378, 3392, 3635]; Andhra Pradesh [3635]; Arunachal Pradesh [3366]; Assam [3366]; Bihar [3371]; Delhi [3366, 3372]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3366]; Jammu-Kashmir [3366]; Karnataka [3020]; Kerala [3366]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3098]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [3366]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3392]; West Bengal [3378]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (I) [1969, 3898, 3967]; Iraq (I) [1862, 1939]; Japan (I) [1862]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Kazakhstan (I) Alma-Ata [4423]; Guryev [2318]; Uralsk [2318]; Kirgizstan (I) Frunze [4621]; Laos (I) [1937]; Malaysia (I) [2111]; Mongolia (I) Dornogovi [4672]; Myanmar (I) [3366]; Nepal (I) [3369]; Pakistan (I) [1938]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [2111]; Philippines (I) [3963]; Russia in Asia (I) Dagestan [4357]; Krasnodar [2318]; Sabah (I) [1790]; Singapore (I) [2111]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957]; Sumatera (N) [3967]; Tadzhikistan (I) [3549]; Taiwan (I) [1929]; Turkmenistan (I) Mary [4586]; Uzbekistan (I) Samarkand [4333]; Tashkent [4333]; Vietnam (I) [1937]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; Queensland [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda (I) [1790]; Barbados (I) [1790]; Cuba (I) [1409]; Dominican Republic (I) [2157]; Grenada (I) [1790]; Guadeloupe (I) [1290, 1790]; Haiti (I) [2157]; Jamaica (I) [1056]; Martinique (I) [1290, 1790]; Montserrat (I) [1790]; Puerto Rico (I) [1430]; St Martin-St Barthelemy (I) [1790]; St Vincent (I) [1790]
  Central America
Belize (I) [1242]; Costa Rica (I) [1658]; El Salvador (I) [2156]; Guatemala (I) [1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (I) [1470]; Mexico(South East) (I) [1117, 1188]; Nicaragua (I) [3348]
  Europe
Belarus (I) Gomel [4579]; Moldova (I) [2318, 4177, 4418]; Russia in Europe (I) Astrakhan [2318]; Belgorod [4269]; Kirov [4079, 4647]; Kursk [4269]; Lipetsk [4269]; Tambov [4269]; Udmurtia [4063]; Volgograd [2318, 4558]; Voronezh [4269]; Spain (I) [1862]; Ukraine (I) Donetsk [2318]; Kherson [2318]; Krym [2318]; Nikolaev [2318]; Odessa [2318]
  Indian Ocean
Comoro Is (I) [3054, 4747]; Anjouan I [4747]; Madagascar (I) [1982]; Mauritius (I) [3067]; Agalega I [3067]; Mayotte (I) [3054, 4747]; Nicobar Is (I) [3366]; Reunion (I) [3053]; Rodrigues (I) [3060]; Seychelles (I) [1941]
  Middle East
Turkey in Asia (I) [1869]
  North America
United States (I) [1271, 1431, 3157]; Alabama [3157]; Kentucky [3157]; Mississippi [3157]; Tennessee [3157]; West Virginia [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Fiji (I) [1940, 2264]; New Zealand(North) (I) [2265]; New Zealand(South) (I) [2265]; Niue (I) [2266]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]; Society Is (I) [2968]
  South America
Argentina (N) [1430]; Bolivia (I) [1289]; Brazil (N) [1292, 1414, 1430, 1442, 1645, 1658, 1915, 3938]; Colombia (I) [1292]; French Guiana (I) [1408]; Peru (I) [1442]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 236, 261, 754, 1409, 1430, 1645, 1790, 1862, 1919, 1929, 1937, 1938, 1941, 1947, 1957, 2111, 2157, 2318, 3017, 3092, 3348, 3375, 3429, 3609, 3898, 4037, 4062, 4423, 4433, 4694] ; Distribution Map [1960, 2909, 2915] ; Illustration [24, 210, 220, 261, 1409, 1430, 1790, 1919, 1929, 1937, 2157, 3593, 4333, 4357, 4712]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [2318] [4433] ; Conservation Status: Cultigen not known in the wild ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] [3348], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1941] [2318] [4433] ; Lifespan: Annual [261] [2318] [3052] [4433] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1991 (W Asia) Lock JM & Simpson K, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Adams BR, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucc

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3030, 4333]; Domestic [1862, 2318, 3030, 4333, 4433, 4672, 4694]; Environmental [1862]; Food and Drink [210, 261, 1937, 1941, 2264, 2318, 2968, 3030, 3375, 3380, 4333, 4433, 4672, 4694]; Forage [210, 3030, 4333]; Medicine [1862, 3030]; Weed [261]

  
NOTES:
  19.5 M hectares produced 22.7 M tonnes in 1988 (1165kg/ha). [2909]
  Probable area of origin in NW Argentina & S Bolivia. [2909]
  Five other gene centres in Brazil (3), Bolivia and Peru. [2909]
  Now a major crop in W.Africa, India and USA. [2909]
  Cultivated as a marginal crop in many developing countries. [2909]
  Over 13,000 accessions in the groundnut germplasm repository at ICRISAT. [2909]
  Subsp. hypogaea contains 2 botanical varieties: hypogaea and hirsuta. [2915]
  Ssp.fastigiata contains 4 bot.vars:fastigiata,vulgaris,peruviana,aequatoriana. [3182]
  Probably originating in Brazil; widely cultivated in tropical regions. [1937]
  Introduced into New Guinea; cultivated widely since WWII. [261]
  Native of Brazil. [3938]
  Widely cultivated in Transcaucasia and Middle Asia [4540]

  
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

8.

  Lock, J.M., 1985
    Specimen in Herb.Kew

14.

  Dalziel, J.M., 1937
    The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa

16.

  Pellegrin, F., 1949
    Les Legumineuses du Gabon.Mem.Inst.d'Etudes Centrafr.1

24.

  Thulin, M., 1983
    Opera Botanica 68:1-223.Leguminosae of Ethiopia

29.

  Andrews, F.W., 1952
    The Flowering Plants of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan;Vol.2.

64.

  Lebrun, J.-P. et al, 1972
    IEMVPT Et.Bot.1,Catalogue des Plant.Vasc.du Tchad Meridional

78.

  Peyre de Fabregues, B.& Lebrun, 1976
    IEMVPT Etude Botanique No.3. Catalogue des plantes..du Niger

210.

  Gillett, J.B. et al., 1971
    Papilionoideae.In:Fl.Trop.E.Africa,Milne-Redhead & Polhill

216.

  Torre, A.R. et al., 1966
    Papilionoideae.In:Consp.Fl.Angolensis 3.Exell & Fernandez

217.

  Liberato, Maria Candida, 1972
    Flora de Sao Tome e Principe: Papilionaceae

220.

  Troupin, G., 1984
    Flore du Rwanda

236.

  Robyns, W.(Ed.), 1954
    Flore du Congo Belge, Vol 5; Galegeae, Hedysareae.

237.

  Verdcourt, B., 1974
    Kirkia 9:359-556.Hedysareae in the Flora Zambesiaca area.

261.

  Verdcourt, B., 1979
    A Manual of New Guinea Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae,PNG

454.

  Greuter, W. et al. (Eds.), 1989
    Med-Checklist Vol.4 (published)

754.

  Heywood, V.H. & Ball, P.W., 1968
    Leguminosae.In:Flora Europaea Vol.2.ed.Tutin,T.G.et al.

1056.

  Adams, C.D., 1972
    Flowering Plants of Jamaica Univ. West Indies, Mona, Jamaica

1117.

  Breedlove, D.E., 1986
    Listados Floristicos de Mexico 4:90-112 Flora de Chiapas

1179.

  Chen, Te-chao & Wu, Te-lin, 1986
    Typed Script(MO)130pp Enumeration Chinese Papilionoideae

1188.

  Cowan, C.P., 1983
    Listados Floristicos de Mexico 1:47-61 Flora de Tabasco

1242.

  Dwyer, J.D. & Spellman, D.L., 1981
    Rhodora 83(834):161-236 A List of Dicotyledoneae of Belize

1271.

  Feed, C.R., 1964
    Phytologia 10(5):321-406Flora of Chrome & Manganese Ore Pile

1289.

  Foster, R.C., 1958
    Contr.Gray Herb.184:91-102 catalogue of...plants of Bolivia

1290.

  Fournet, J., 1978
    Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe & Martinique

1292.

  Garcia-Barriga, H. & Forero, E., 1968
    Catalogo Ilustrado de Las Plantas de Cundinamarca 3:1-136

1408.

  Lemee, A., 1952
    Flore de la Guyane francaise 2:36-162 Legumineuses

1409.

  Leon, H. & Alain, H., 1951
    Flora de Cuba 2:224-367 Leguminosas

1430.

  Liogier, A.H., 1988
    Desc. Flora Puerto Rico & Adjacent Is-Spermatophyta Vol. II

1442.

  Macbride, J.F., 1943
    Publ.Field Mus.Nat.Hist.,Bot.Ser.13(3/1):1-506 Leguminosae

1470.

  McVaugh, R., 1987
    Flora Novo-Galiciana 5:1-786. Leguminosae

1645.

  Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.A, 1946
    Fieldiana, Bot. 24(5):1-425 Leguminosae

1658.

  Standley, P.C., 1937
    Publ.Field Mus.Nat.Hist.,Bot.Ser.18(2):487-559...Costa Rica

1765.

  Audru, J. et al., 1987
    Maisons-Alfort:IEMVPT.La vegetation...Republique de Djibouti

1790.

  Howard, R.A. et al., 1988
    Dicotyledoneae Part 1.Fl. Lesser Antilles Arnold Arboretum

1862.

  Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E., 1974
    Flora of Iraq. Vol.3. Baghdad.

1869.

  Davis, P.H., 1970
    Flora of Turkey & the East Aegean Islands; Vol. 3.

1880.

  Hnatiuk, R.J., 1990
    Census Australian Vasc. Plants, Bureau Fl. & Fauna, Canberra

1902.

  Terrell, E.E., 1977
    Checklist of Names for 3,000 Vas.Pl... Agric.Handbook No.505

1914.

  Sanjappa, M., 1992
    Legumes of India. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra...

1915.

  Polhill, R, M., 1990
    Legumineuses.In:Flore des Mascareignes,Vol 80.J. Bosser et a

1919.

  Hacker, J.B., 1990
    A Guide to Herbaceous and Shrub Legumes of Queensland.

1929.

  Huang, T.C. & Ohashi, H., 1977
    In:Li,H.L. et al.(Eds.) Flora of Taiwan, Vol.3:148-421.

1937.

  Thuan, N. et al., 1987
    In: Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, Vol. 23.P.

1938.

  Ali, S.I., 1977
    Papilion. In:Flora of West Pakistan, No 100.

1939.

  Lock, J.M. & Simpson, K., 1991
    Legumes of West Asia: A Checklist. RBG, Kew.

1940.

  Smith, A.C., 1985
    Flora Vitiensis Nova, Vol.3.

1941.

  Robertson, S.A., 1989
    Flowering Plants of Seychelles. Kew

1947.

  Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G., 1987
    Flora of Bhutan,Vol.1.(Part 3). Edinburgh: RBG

1957.

  Rudd, V.E., 1991
    A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon 7: 108-381.

1960.

  Allan, H.H., 1961
    Flora of New Zealand, Vol 1.

1969.

  Backer, C.A. et al, 1963
    Flora of Java, Vol 1. Gronongen: Noordhoff.

1982.

  Du Puy, D.J., 1993
    Legumes of Madagascar. Typescripte.

2014.

  Komarov, V.L. (Ed.), 1948
    Flora of the U.S.S.R. Vol XIII (Engl. Translation 1972)

2111.

  Ridley, H.N., 1922
    Flora of the Malay Peninsula Vol I

2156.

  Berendsohn, W.G. & AranivaGonza, 1979
    Cuscatlania 1(2):1-16

2157.

  Liogier, A.H., 1985
    La Flore de la Espanola.III

2201.

  Purseglove, J.W., 1968
    Tropical Crops:Dicotyledons.Longman

2235.

  Fosberg, F.R. et al., 1979
    A Geographical Checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae

2264.

  Parham, J.W., 1972
    Plants of the Fiji Islands

2265.

  Horn, P.E., 1988
    Herbarium References

2266.

  Sykes, W., 1979
    Flora of Niue

2318.

  Vassiljeva, L.I., 1987
    In Flora Partis Europaeae URSS.Vol.6. Leningrad.(Rus).

2909.

  Smartt, J. & Simmonds, N.W.(eds), 1995
    Evolution of Crop Plants - 2nd ed. Longman: Harlow

2915.

  Gregory WC et al., 1980
    in Summerfield & Bunting (eds) Advances in Legume Science

2968.

  Welsh, S.L., 1998
    Flora Societensis

3017.

  Shah, G.L., 1978
    Flora of Gujarat State Vol.1

3020.

  Singh, N.P., 1988
    Flora of Eastern Karnataka Vol.1

3027.

  Nair, N.C. & Henry, A.N., 1983
    Flora of Tamil Nadu, India Vol.1

3028.

  Shetty, B.V. & Singh, V., 1987
    Flora of Rajasthan Vol.1. Flora of India Series 2

3030.

  Ambasta, S.P., 1986
    The useful plants of India

3052.

  Bojer, W., 1837
    Hortus Mauritianus ou Enumeration des Plants...l'ile Maurice

3053.

  de Cordemoy, E.J., 1895
    Flore de l'ile de la Reunion

3054.

  Voeltzkow, A., 1916
    Fl. Fauna Comoren

3060.

  Strahm, W., 1989
    Plant Red Data Book for Rodrigues

3066.

  Vaughan, R.E., 1937
    Mauritius Inst.Bull.1(1). Catalogue of flowering plants ...

3067.

  Fosberg, F.R. et al., 1983
    Atoll Res.Bull.273(5):109-142 List ... flora of Agalega

3092.

  Deb, D.B., 1981
    The Flora of Tripura State Vol 1

3094.

  Rao, R.S., 1985
    Flora of Goa, Diu, Daman, Dadra & Nagarhaveli Vol 1

3098.

  Santapau, S.J., 1953
    The flora of Khandala...W.Ghats of India Vol 16 part 1

3157.

  Isely, D., 1998
    Native & naturalized Leg.of the USA.Brigham Young Univ.Utah

3182.

  Krapovickas, A. & Gregory, W.C., 1994
    Bonplandia 8(1-4):1-186 Taxonomia del genero Arachis

3348.

  Stevens, W.D., et al., 2001
    Flora de Nicaragua,85(2)...Missouri Bot.Gard.Press

3366.

  Sanjappa, M., 2000
    Checklist of the Leguminosae in South Asia. Typescript

3369.

  Shrestha, K.K., 1998
    Revised checklist of the Legumes of Nepal (manuscript)

3371.

  Varma, S.K., 1981
    Flora of Bhagalpur. Dicotyledons

3372.

  Maheshwari, J.K., 1963
    The Flora of Delhi

3373.

  Kumar, S., 2000
    ..Leguminosae of Haryana. Indian J. Forest. Addit Ser. 11

3375.

  Singh, A.N., 1993
    In: Verma,D.M. & al. (Eds.) Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Vol.1.

3376.

  Bairiganjan, G.C et al., 1985
    Fabaceae in Orissa. J. Econ. Taxon Bot. 7:249-276

3377.

  Sharma, M., 1990
    Punjab Plants Check-list

3378.

  Naskar, K., 1993
    Plant Wealth of the Lower Ganga Delta Vol.1

3380.

  Mohanan, M. & Henry, A.N., 1994
    Flora of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

3392.

  Srivastava, T.N., 1976
    Flora Gorakhpurensis

3429.

  Lee, S.K. & Huang, D.A., 1995
    Arachis. In: Fl. Reip. Pop. Sinicae, 41 (Leguminosae 3)

3549.

  Rasulova, M.R., 1978
    In: Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR, 2nd ed. Vol. 5. Leningrad. (Rus)

3587.

  Haines, H.H., 1922
    The Botany of Bihar & Orissa, Part 3. London.

3593.

  Matthew, K.M., 1996
    Illustrations on the Flora of the Plain Hills, South India.

3609.

  Singh, M.P., 1986
    Flora of Patna (Dicotyledons). New Delhi.

3635.

  Pullaiah, T. et al., 1992
    Flora of Adilabad District (Andhra Pradesh,India). Delhi.

3898.

  Backer, C.A., 1963
    Flora of Java. Groningen, The Netherlands

3938.

  Keng, H., 1990
    Concise Flora of Singapore. Singapore

3963.

  Merrill, E.D., 1923
    An Enumeration of Philippine Flowering Plants 2(3):241-323

3967.

  Miquel, F.A.W., 1862
    Sumatra,seine Pflanzenwelt und Deren Erzeugnisse. Fleischer.

4037.

  Aliev, R.A., 1950
    In:Flora Azerbaijana, Vol.5. Baku. (Rus)

4061.

  Balashev, L.L., Ed., 1970
    Dictionary of useful plants in twenty european languages.

4062.

  Ball, P.W., 1968
    In:Flora Europaea, Vol.2. Cambridge.

4063.

  Baranova, Ilminskikh, Puzyrev, 1992
    Konspect flory Udmurtii. Izhevsk. (Rus)

4079.

  Bochkin, V.D., 1994
    Information from MHA Herbarium (Moscow, Russia).

4169.

  Gadzhiev, V.D. & Musaev, S.G., 1994
    Information from BAK Herbarium (Baku, Azerbaijan).

4177.

  Geideman, T.S., 1986
    Opredelitel vysshikh rasteni Moldavskoi SSR, 3rd ed.

4269.

  Kamyshev, N.S., 1978
    Flora Tzentralnogo Chernozemia i ee analiz. Voronezh.

4333.

  Kudrjaschev, S.N., 1955
    In:Flora Uzbekistanica, Vol.3. Taschkent. (Rus)

4357.

  Lvov, P.L., 1960
    Opredelitel rasteni Dagestana. Makhachkala. (Rus)

4423.

  Orazova, A., 1961
    In:Flora Kazakhstana, Vol.5. Alma-Ata. (Rus)

4433.

  Palibin, I.V., 1948
    In:Flora URSS, Vol.13. Mosqua, Leningrad. (Rus)

4540.

  Roskov, Yu.R., 1992
    Information from LE Herbarium (St.Petersburg, Russia).

4579.

  Semerenko, L.V., 1994
    Information from MSK Herbarium (Minsk, Belorussia).

4586.

  Shaparenko, K.K., 1949
    In:Flora Turkmenii, Vol.4. Ashkhabad. (Rus)

4621.

  Sultanova, B.A., 1994
    Information from FRU Herbarium (Bishkek, Kirgizstan).

4672.

  Ulziykhutag, N., 1989
    Bobovye Mongolskoi Narodnoi Respubliki, Vol.2. Doct.Thes.

4694.

  Visyulina, O.D., 1954
    Leguminosae. In:Flora URSR, Vol.6. Kiev. (Ukr)

4712.

  Yakovlev, G.P., 1981
    In:Zhizn rasteni [Life of plants], Vol.5 (2). Moscow.

4747.

  Voeltzkow, A., 1917
    Flora und Fauna der Comoren. 428-480. Berlin.
[Home | Genus | Latin names]
Version 10.38 20 July 2010
© ILDIS 2006-2013
Page last revised:  24/01/2013,  11:37:02    Aweb for Alice overview