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Phaseolus lunatus L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Phaseoleae

GENUS: Phaseolus L.

Phaseolus lunatus L. [Preferred name]
    Dolichos tonkinensis Bui-Quang-Chieu {Synonym}
    Phaseolus bipunctatus Jacq. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus ilocanus Blanco {Synonym}
    Phaseolus inamoenus L. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus limensis Macfad. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus portoricensis Spreng. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus puberulus Kunth {Synonym}
    Phaseolus rosei Piper {Synonym}
    Phaseolus saccharatus Macfad. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus tunkinensis Lour. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus vexillatus sensu Blanco, non L. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus viridis Piper {Synonym}
    Phaseolus vulgaris sensu Blanco, non L. {Synonym}
    Phaseolus xuaresii Zuccagni {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Bakla [3028, 3030, 3091]; Bonchi [4751]; Bonchi-kai [4751]; Broad Bean [1056]; Butter Bean [1902, 1947, 3705]; Butter Beans [261]; Caraota De Ano [1661]; Carolina Bean [1947, 3705]; Civet Bean [1947, 3705]; Common Bean [1862, 1941, 2080]; Common Haricot [261]; Dambala [3705]; Dara-dambala [3705]; Dwarf Bean [2080, 2264]; Frash Bean [3030]; French Bean [210, 261, 754, 1938, 1941, 2086, 2264, 3705]; Frijol [1470]; Frijol De Lima [3348]; Frijol De Media Luna [1645]; Frijol De Monte [1645]; Frijol De Raton [1470]; Frijolillo [1470]; Garden Bean [1902]; Green Bean [1902]; Gros Pois [1915]; Guaracara [1661]; Haba [2157]; Habichuela [2157]; Haricot [1915, 2157]; Haricot Bean [1862, 1902, 1941, 2264, 3705]; Haricot Beans [261]; Haricot Commun [220]; Haricot De Madagascar [3402]; Haricot Francais [220]; Haricot Vert [3061]; Haricot de Sieva [220]; Kabaro [3402]; Kaisam Bali-Pati [3091]; Kalamaka [3402]; Kidney Bean [261, 1902, 1938, 1941, 2264, 3705]; Konoka [3402]; Lima Bean [210, 1902, 1915, 1947, 2153, 2264, 3705]; Lima Beans [261]; Loba [3091]; Lobia [3030]; Maimbolany [3402]; Mange-tout [220]; Pira De Ano [1661]; Pois [2157]; Pois Adam [3053]; Pois Amer [1915]; Pois De Sept Ans [3053]; Pois Doux [1915]; Pois Souche [2157]; Pois d'Achery [1915]; Pois d'Archery [1915]; Pois du Cap [1915]; Pothu-dambala [3705]; Potu-bonchi [4751]; Rajmah [3030]; Rangoon Bean [3030, 3705]; Runner Bean [1941]; Sem [2264, 3030]; Sieva Bean [1862, 1947, 2080, 3705]; Sieva Beans [261]; String Bean [261]; Tapirama [1661]; Vilayti Sem [3375]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (I) [216]; Benin (I) [212]; Equatorial Guinea (I) [212]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Gabon (I) [8]; Ghana (I) [212]; Guinea (I) [212]; Guinea Bissau (I) [224]; Ivory Coast (I) [212]; Kenya (I) [210]; Liberia (I) [212]; Malawi (I) [8]; Mali (I) [212]; Niger (I) [78]; Nigeria (I) [212]; Rwanda (I) [220]; Sao Tome & Principe (I) [217]; Senegal (I) [212]; Sierra Leone (I) [212]; Sudan (I) [8]; Tanzania (I) [210]; Togo (I) [212]; Uganda (I) [210]; Zaire (I) [230]; Zambia (I) [28]; Zimbabwe (I) [8]
  Asia
Bhutan (I) [1947]; China (I) [3424]; Fujian [3424]; Guangdong [3424]; Guangxi [3424]; Hebei [3424]; Hunan [3424]; Jiangxi [3424]; Shandong [3424]; Yunnan [3424]; Hainan (I) [3424]; India (I) [1914, 1947, 3027, 3094, 3099, 3118, 3143, 3144, 3366, 3372, 3373, 3376, 3587]; Andhra Pradesh [3366]; Arunachal Pradesh [3366]; Assam [3366]; Bihar [3587]; Delhi [3372]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3366]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3366]; Jammu-Kashmir [3366]; Karnataka [3366]; Kerala [3366]; Madhaya Pradesh [3366]; Maharashtra [3099]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3143]; Rajasthan [3366]; Sikkim [1947]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3366]; Uttar Pradesh [3144]; West Bengal [3118]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (I) [261, 1969, 3898]; Iran (I) [1939]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Irian Jaya (I) [261]; Japan (I) [2825]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Nepal (I) [3369]; Pakistan (I) [1938]; Philippines (I) [1979]; Ryukyu Is (I) [2825]; Singapore (I) [3938]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957, 3705]; Taiwan (I) [2902]; Thailand (I) [1971]; Vietnam (I) [1942]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Bahamas (N) [2153]; Dominican Republic (U) [2157]; Haiti (U) [2157]; Jamaica (I) [1056]
  Central America
Belize (U) [1242, 1460, 1645]; Costa Rica (U) [336, 1367, 1658]; El Salvador (U) [1460, 1645, 2156]; Guatemala (U) [336, 1460, 1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (U) [1460]; Mexico(South East) (U) [1117]; Nicaragua (N) [3348]; Panama (U) [1243, 1460, 1512, 1645]
  Indian Ocean
Aldabra (I) [1941]; Amirantes Group [1941]; Andaman Is (I) [3366]; Christmas I (I) [3920]; Comoro Is (I) [3054, 4747]; Anjouan I [4747]; Madagascar (I) [1915, 3402]; Maldives (I) [3062, 3076]; Mauritius (I) [1915]; Reunion (I) [1915]; Rodrigues (I) [1915]; Seychelles (U) [1941]
  North America
United States (I) [336, 3090]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (I) [261]; Fiji (I) [2264]; Kermadec Is (I) [2080]; Marshall Is (I) [2235]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]
  South America
Argentina (U) [336]; Brazil (U) [1414, 1512]; Colombia (U) [336, 1512]; Ecuador (U) [1229]; French Guiana (U) [1408]; Guyana (I) [2285]; Peru (U) [1442, 1512]; Surinam (I) [2285]; Venezuela (U) [1512, 1661]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [210];
    Lake Victoria regional mosaic; bushland and thicket [210];
    Somalia-Masai bushland and thicket [210];
    Sudanian bushland and thicket [210];
    Zambezian bushland and thicket [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [24, 210, 230, 261, 1056, 1470, 1862, 1915, 1919, 1938, 1941, 1942, 1947, 2153, 2157, 2828, 3057, 3348, 3402, 3424, 3465, 3705, 3898, 3920] ; Illustration [24, 210, 261, 1661, 1915, 1919, 1942, 2153, 2157, 3465, 3593]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Climbing [261] [1941] [3402], Not climbing ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-04 Seneviratne GI (Sinhala & Tamil Names), 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] [3348], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915] [3402], Shrub [261] ; Lifespan: Annual, Perennial [261] [1915] [3402] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 2003-

  
USES:
  Environmental [1862, 3030]; Food and Drink [230, 261, 1938, 1941, 1942, 1947, 2264, 2828, 3030, 3402, 3705]; Forage [3030]; Medicine [3402]; Toxins [230, 3402]

  
NOTES:
  Native of Tropical America; widely cultivated, often naturalised. [261]
  Highly variable species, great number of varieties known. [261]
  Seeds of many varients cyanogenic thus poisonous without proper treatment. [261]
  Not considered safe for fodder/silage crop. [3920]
  Now less comonly cultivated because of a caterpillar which damages the crops. [3061]
  Madagascar is a major world producer of this crop. [3402]
  Var. silvester and var. lunatus both occur in Madagascar. [3402]
  Var. lunatus beans are large and white and contain fewer toxins. [3402]

  
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