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Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.)DC.

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HIGHER TAXON: Phaseoleae

GENUS: Psophocarpus DC.

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.)DC. [Preferred name]
    Botor tetragonolobus (L.)Kuntze {Synonym}
    Dolichos ovatus Graham {Synonym}
    Dolichos tetragonolobus L. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Asparagus Bean [3603]; Asparagus Pea [261, 1902]; Chaukoni Sem [3603]; Dara-dambala [3705]; Goa Bean [261, 1292, 1902, 2264, 3603]; Pois Carre [1292, 1915]; Princess Bean [3705]; Wing Bean [308]; Winged Bean [261, 308, 1902, 1915, 2264, 2825, 2968, 3705]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Cameroon (I) [308]; Egypt (I) [308]; Ghana (I) [308]; Ivory Coast (I) [308]; Nigeria (I) [308]; Sierra Leone (I) [308]; Tanzania (I) [308]; Zambia (I) [308]
  Asia
Bangladesh (I) [3091]; Cambodia (U) [1942]; China (U) [308, 1942, 3424]; Guangdong [3424]; Guangxi [3424]; Yunnan [3424]; Hainan (U) [3424]; India (I) [1914, 1942, 3027, 3092, 3094, 3108, 3366, 3376, 3377, 3378, 3603]; Andhra Pradesh [3366]; Arunachal Pradesh [3366]; Assam [3366]; Bihar [3603]; Delhi [3366]; Goa [3094]; Haryana [3366]; Himachal Pradesh [3366]; Karnataka [3366]; Maharashtra [3108]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3366]; Sikkim [3366]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3366]; West Bengal [3378]; Indonesia (U) [261, 308, 1942, 3898]; Irian Jaya (U) [261]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Laos (U) [308, 1942]; Lesser Sunda Is (N) [308]; Malaysia (U) [308, 2111]; Moluccas (N) [308]; Myanmar (I) [308, 1980]; Nepal (U) [3369]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [2111]; Philippines (U) [308, 1942, 1979, 3963]; Ryukyu Is (I) [2825]; Singapore (I) [3938]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957, 3705]; Sulawesi (N) [308]; Sumatera (N) [308]; Taiwan (U) [1929, 3424]; Thailand (U) [308]; Vietnam (U) [308, 1942]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [3920]; Papua New Guinea (U) [261, 308]
  Caribbean
Caribbean-TRP (U) [1290]
  Indian Ocean
Christmas I (I) [3920]; Madagascar (U) [3402]; Mauritius (I) [1915]; Reunion (I) [1915]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (U) [261]; Fiji (I) [2264]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]; Society Is (I) [2968]
  South America
Brazil (I) [1414]

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [261, 308, 1929, 1942, 2111, 2825, 3057, 3424, 3705, 3898, 3920] ; Illustration [261, 308, 1929, 1942, 2901, 3424]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Climbing [261] [3057] ; Conservation Status: Cultigen not known in the wild ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [3053] ; Lifespan: Annual [308] [3053], Perennial [308] [3057] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 1999-05 Heald J, 2004 (

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3030]; Environmental [261, 2828, 2968]; Food and Drink [261, 1942, 2828, 2908, 2968, 3019, 3030, 3053, 3653, 3705]; Forage [261, 3030, 3603]

  
NOTES:
  Young green leaves and shoots may be eaten as a vegetable. [2908]
  The ripe seeds are used in Indonesia after parching. [2908]
  Widely cultivated. Roots (tubers), leaves, flowers, green pods and seeds all [1942]
  eaten. [1942]
  Origin not certain but now widely cultivated. [261]
  Very high nutritional value. [261]
  Seeds contain several toxins; require preparation before eating. [261]
  May be annual under cultivation. [3920]
  Occurs naturally in Asia. [308]
  Origin questionable. [1915]
  Verdcourt & Halliday suggest that this species originated in SE Asia, [3402]
  Madagascar or the Mascarenes. [3402]

  
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

261.

  Verdcourt, B., 1979
    A Manual of New Guinea Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae,PNG

308.

  Verdcourt, B. & Halliday, P., 1978
    Kew Bull.33:191-227. A revision of Psophocarpus.

1290.

  Fournet, J., 1978
    Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe & Martinique

1292.

  Garcia-Barriga, H. & Forero, E., 1968
    Catalogo Ilustrado de Las Plantas de Cundinamarca 3:1-136

1414.

  Lewis, G.P., 1987
    Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 369 pp Legumes of Bahia

1902.

  Terrell, E.E., 1977
    Checklist of Names for 3,000 Vas.Pl... Agric.Handbook No.505

1914.

  Sanjappa, M., 1992
    Legumes of India. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra...

1915.

  Polhill, R, M., 1990
    Legumineuses.In:Flore des Mascareignes,Vol 80.J. Bosser et a

1929.

  Huang, T.C. & Ohashi, H., 1977
    In:Li,H.L. et al.(Eds.) Flora of Taiwan, Vol.3:148-421.

1942.

  Thuan, N., 1979
    In:Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. Vol.17

1957.

  Rudd, V.E., 1991
    A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon 7: 108-381.

1979.

  Merrill, E.D., 1923
    Enumeration of Philippine Flowering Plants Vol 2, Part 3

1980.

  Baker, J.G., 1876
    In:Hooker,J.D., Flora of British India 2:56-306. (1876-1879)

2111.

  Ridley, H.N., 1922
    Flora of the Malay Peninsula Vol I

2235.

  Fosberg, F.R. et al., 1979
    A Geographical Checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae

2264.

  Parham, J.W., 1972
    Plants of the Fiji Islands

2825.

  Walker, E.H., 1976
    Flora of Okinawa and S.Ryukyu islands. Washing.Smithson.Inst

2828.

  Hotta, M et al, 1989
    Sekai Yuhyou-shokubutu(Useful Pls. of World) Heibonsha.Tokyo

2901.

  Lee, S., 1995
    Leguminosae (3).In;Fl.Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae41.Sci.Pr

2908.

  Smartt, J., 1976
    Tropical Pulses. Tropical Agricultural Series. Longman Group

2968.

  Welsh, S.L., 1998
    Flora Societensis

3019.

  Cooke, T., 1903
    The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay Vol.1

3027.

  Nair, N.C. & Henry, A.N., 1983
    Flora of Tamil Nadu, India Vol.1

3030.

  Ambasta, S.P., 1986
    The useful plants of India

3053.

  de Cordemoy, E.J., 1895
    Flore de l'ile de la Reunion

3057.

  Baker, J.G., 1877
    Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles

3091.

  Prain, D., 1903
    Bengal Plants Vol 1

3092.

  Deb, D.B., 1981
    The Flora of Tripura State Vol 1

3094.

  Rao, R.S., 1985
    Flora of Goa, Diu, Daman, Dadra & Nagarhaveli Vol 1

3108.

  Deshpande, S. et al., 1993
    Flora of Mahabaleshwar and adjoinings, Maharashtra Vol 1

3366.

  Sanjappa, M., 2000
    Checklist of the Leguminosae in South Asia. Typescript

3369.

  Shrestha, K.K., 1998
    Revised checklist of the Legumes of Nepal (manuscript)

3376.

  Bairiganjan, G.C et al., 1985
    Fabaceae in Orissa. J. Econ. Taxon Bot. 7:249-276

3377.

  Sharma, M., 1990
    Punjab Plants Check-list

3378.

  Naskar, K., 1993
    Plant Wealth of the Lower Ganga Delta Vol.1

3402.

  Du Puy, D.J. et al., 2002
    The Leguminosae of Madagascar. RBG Kew.

3424.

  Wu, T.L., 1995
    Canavalia &... In: Fl.Reip.Pop.Sinicae, 41 (Leguminosae 3)

3603.

  Das, M.N. & Maheshwari, J.K., 1982
    J.Econ.Taxon.Bot.3:201-225.The Legumes of Vaishali Distr...

3653.

  Anonymous, 1979
    Tropical Legumes:Resources for the Future. Washington.

3705.

  Maxwell, R.H., 1991
    In:Dassanayake,M.D. & Fosberg,F.R.(Eds.) A revised handbook

3898.

  Backer, C.A., 1963
    Flora of Java. Groningen, The Netherlands

3920.

  DuPuy, D.J.& Telford, I.R.H., 1993
    Flora of Austalia 50 Oceanic Islands 2:188-236

3938.

  Keng, H., 1990
    Concise Flora of Singapore. Singapore

3963.

  Merrill, E.D., 1923
    An Enumeration of Philippine Flowering Plants 2(3):241-323
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