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Rhynchosia minima (L.)DC.

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HIGHER TAXON: Phaseoleae

GENUS: Rhynchosia Lour.

Rhynchosia minima (L.)DC. [Preferred name]
    Dolicholus flavus Medik. {Synonym}
    Dolicholus minimus (L.)Medik. {Synonym}
    Dolichos minimus L. {Synonym}
    Glycine lamarckii Kunth {Synonym}
    Glycine littoralis DC. {Synonym}
    Glycine reflexa Nutt. {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia aureo-guttata Andersson {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia exigua Andersson {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia hockii De Wild. {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia ischnoclada Harms {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia mexicana Hook. & Arn. {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia minima var. diminifolia Walraven {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia minima var. lutea Eggers {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia minima var. pauciflora Kuntze {Synonym}
    Rhynchosia punctata DC. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Alcarretillo [1311]; Baunhran [3091]; Bejuco Culebra [1311]; Bejuco Silvestre [1311]; Bejuco-frijolillo [1311]; Bejuquillo [1311]; Burn Mouth Vine [1311]; Choncho [1311]; Favinha Brava De Uma Cor [1311]; Feijao [1311]; Feijao De Adubo [1311]; Feijaozinho [1414]; Frijillilo Silvestre [1311]; Frijolillo [1311]; Frijolillo Silvestre [1311]; Frijolito [1311]; Frijollilo [1311]; Guasi [1661]; Habanilla [1311]; Horse Rub Down [1790]; Ibcho [1311]; Jumby Bean [1311, 1790]; Maha-wal-kollu [4751]; Mashparui [3237]; Matineta [1414]; Mehenibbech [1311]; Orosus [1311]; Panga De Burro [1311]; Pega Pega [1311]; Peonia Chica [1311]; Pequeno [1311]; Pine Liku [2266]; Pois Colibri [1311]; Rincones [1311]; Tarillo [1311]; Wilde Pinda [1311]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Benin (N) [3237]; Burundi (N) [8]; Cameroon (N) [210]; Cape Verde (N) [210]; Central African Rep. (N) [210]; Chad (N) [64]; Ethiopia (N) [210]; Ghana (N) [212]; Ivory Coast (N) [8]; Kenya (N) [210]; Mali (N) [212]; Namibia (N) [232]; Niger (N) [78]; Nigeria (N) [212]; Rwanda (N) [220]; Sao Tome & Principe (N) [217]; Senegal (N) [212]; Sierra Leone (N) [212]; Somalia (N) [8]; South Africa (N) [210]; Sudan (N) [210]; Swaziland (N) [233]; Tanzania (N) [210]; Togo (N) [23]; Uganda (N) [210]; Zaire (N) [210]
  Asia
Afghanistan (N) [210]; Bhutan (N) [1947]; China (N) [210, 3425]; Sichuan [3425]; Yunnan [3425]; East Timor (N) [3004]; India (N) [210, 3009, 3017, 3020, 3027, 3028, 3094, 3101, 3140, 3366, 3370, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3378, 3387, 3584]; Andhra Pradesh [3009]; Arunachal Pradesh [3366]; Assam [3370]; Bihar [3371]; Daman [3094]; Delhi [3372]; Diu [3094]; Goa [3366]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3584]; Karnataka [3020]; Kerala [3366]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3101]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [3366]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3366]; Uttar Pradesh [3387]; West Bengal [3378]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (N) [210, 3004, 3898]; Iran (N) [1939]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Lesser Sunda Is (N) [3004]; Malaysia (N) [210]; Myanmar (N) [1938]; Nepal (N) [2898, 3369]; Pakistan (N) [1938]; Philippines (N) [4004]; Ryukyu Is (N) [2825]; Sri Lanka (N) [210, 3705]; Taiwan (N) [1929, 2825, 3425]; Thailand (N) [210, 1971]; Vietnam (N) [1942]
  Australasia
Australia (N) [210, 261, 1880, 1915]; Papua New Guinea (N) [261]
  Caribbean
Anguilla (N) [1311]; Antigua-Barbuda (N) [1311, 1790]; Aruba (N) [1311]; Bahamas (N) [1311, 2153]; Barbados (N) [1311, 1790]; Cayman Is (N) [453, 1056, 1311]; Cuba (N) [1311]; Dominica (N) [1311, 1790, 2136]; Dominican Republic (N) [1311, 2157]; Grenada (N) [1790]; Guadeloupe (N) [1311, 1790]; Haiti (N) [1311, 2157]; Jamaica (N) [1311]; Martinique (N) [1311, 1790]; Montserrat (N) [1311, 1790]; Netherlands Antilles (N) [1311]; Netherlands Leeward Is (N) [1311, 1790]; Puerto Rico (N) [1311]; St Kitts-Nevis (N) [1311, 1790]; St Lucia (N) [1311, 1790]; St Martin-St Barthelemy (N) [1311, 1790]; St Vincent (N) [1311, 1790]; Trinidad & Tobago (N) [1311]; Venezuelan Antilles (N) [1311]; Virgin Is (N) [1311]
  Central America
Belize (N) [1242, 1311, 1645]; Costa Rica (N) [1311, 1367, 1658]; El Salvador (N) [1311, 1645]; Guatemala (N) [1311, 1645]; Honduras (N) [1311]; Mexico (N) [3348]; Mexico(North & Central) (N) [1311, 1460, 1470, 1714]; Baja California Sur [1311, 1714]; Chihuahua [1311]; Coahuila [1311]; Colima [1311]; Guerrero [1311]; Hidalgo [1311]; Jalisco [1311]; Mexico State [1311, 1460]; Michoacan [1311]; Morelos [1311]; Nayarit [1311]; Nuevo Leon [1311]; Oaxaca [1311]; Sinaloa [1311]; Sonora [1311]; Veracruz [1311]; Zacatecas [1311]; Mexico(South East) (N) [1117, 1188, 1311, 1470, 1637]; Campeche [1311]; Chiapas [1117, 1311]; Quintana Roo [1637]; Tabasco [1188]; Yucatan [1311]; Nicaragua (N) [1311, 3348]; Panama (N) [1224, 1243, 1311, 1645]
  Indian Ocean
Madagascar (N) [1982, 3402]; Rodrigues (N) [1915]
  Middle East
Israel (N) [210]; Oman (N) [1939]; Qatar (N) [1939]; Saudi Arabia (N) [1939]; South Yemen (N) [1939]; Yemen (N) [1939]
  North America
United States (N) [1229, 1311, 1409, 1430, 1431, 1460, 1645, 1680, 1714, 3157]; Alabama [1311]; Arkansas [1311]; Florida [1311, 3157]; Georgia [1311, 3157]; Louisiana [1311]; Missouri [1311, 3157]; Texas [1311, 3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Fiji (U) [2264]; Hawaii (I) [1949]; Kazan Retto (N) [2833]; Marquesas (U) [2968]; Niue (U) [2266]; Ogasawara-Shoto (N) [2836]; Society Is (U) [2968]
  South America
Argentina (N) [1131, 1243, 1311, 3348]; Chaco [1131, 1311]; Corrientes [1311]; Formosa [1131, 1311]; Jujuy [1311]; Salta [1311]; Santa Fe [1311]; Bolivia (N) [1311]; Brazil (N) [1103, 1231, 1233, 1311, 1414, 1680]; Bahia [1311, 1414]; Ceara [1311]; Distrito Federal(Brazil) [1311]; Espirito Santo [1311]; Mato Grosso do Sul [1311]; Minas Gerais [1311]; Para [1231, 1311]; Paraiba [1233, 1311]; Pernambuco [1233, 1311]; Rio De Janeiro [1103, 1311]; Rio Grande do Norte [1311]; Roraima [1231, 1311]; Sao Paulo [1311]; Chile (N) [1311, 1444]; Colombia (N) [1292, 1311]; Ecuador (N) [1229, 1311]; French Guiana (N) [1311, 1408]; Galapagos (N) [1311, 1712]; Guyana (N) [1311]; Paraguay (N) [1311]; Peru (N) [1311, 1442]; Surinam (N) [1311]; Venezuela (N) [1311, 1661]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Somalia-Masai bushland and thicket [210];
    Somalia-Masai grasslands [210];
    Somalia-Masai wooded grasslands. [210];
    Sudanian bushland and thicket [210];
    Sudanian grasslands [210];
    Sudanian wooded grassland [210];
    Zambezian bushland and thicket [210];
    Zambezian grassland [210];
    Zambezian wooded grassland [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [24, 210, 230, 261, 453, 1056, 1311, 1430, 1790, 1859, 1915, 1919, 1938, 1942, 1947, 1952, 2153, 2157, 2825, 3057, 3348, 3402, 3425, 3705, 3898] ; Distribution Map [1311, 4004] ; Illustration [24, 29, 220, 230, 261, 453, 1430, 1859, 1915, 1919, 1929, 1938, 1942, 1952, 2153, 3425]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Climbing [261] [1915] [3402], Not climbing [261] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2001-03 van der Maesen LJG, 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-04 Seneviratne GI (Sinhala & Tamil Names), 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] [3348], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915] [3402] ; Lifespan: Perennial [261] [1915] [3402] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 2001-03 van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-05 Fortunato RH ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 1999-

  
USES:
  Forage [1311, 1919]; Medicine [1311, 3094]; Toxins [1311, 2968, 3030, 3378]

  
NOTES:
  Thought to be native to the Old World and introduced and naturalized in the [1311]
  New World. [1311]
  Pantropical. [1942]
  Sanjappa (1992) records var. nuda (DC.)Kuntze from Thailand. [1914]
  Very variable-some variants distinctive but many intermediates occur. [261]
  Native to Tropical Africa, Asia and Australia. [1915]

  
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