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Indigofera tinctoria L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Indigofereae

GENUS: Indigofera L.

Indigofera tinctoria L. [Preferred name]
    Anila tinctoria var. normalis Kuntze {Synonym}
    Indigofera anil var. orthocarpa DC. {Synonym}
    Indigofera bergii Vatke {Synonym}
    Indigofera cinerascens DC. {Synonym}
    Indigofera houer Forssk. {Synonym}
    Indigofera indica Lam. {Synonym}
    Indigofera oligophylla Baker {Synonym}
    Indigofera orthocarpa (DC.)O.Berg & C.F.Schmidt {Synonym}
    Indigofera sumatrana Gaertn. {Synonym}
    Indigofera tinctoria Blanco {Synonym}
    Indigofera tinctoria var. brachycarpa DC. {Synonym}
    Indigofera tinctoria var. torulosa Baker f. {Synonym}
    Indigofera tulearensis Drake {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Aika [3402]; Anileiro [4061]; Bengal Indigo [3606]; Ceylon Indigo [1945, 3035]; Digo [2157]; Engilavy [3402]; Engitra [3402]; Indigo [1902, 4061]; Indigo Sauvage [1941]; Indigofera [4061]; Indigofera Krasilnaya [4572]; Indigostrauch [4061]; Indigotier [1915]; Indygo [4061]; Indygowiec Barwierski [4061]; Ingetsea [3402]; Madras Indigo [1945, 3035]; Nil [3207]; Nil-awari [1957]; Pianta Dell' Indaco [4061]; Wild Indigo [1945, 3035]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (N) [347]; Benin (N) [212]; Botswana (N) [210]; Cameroon (N) [8]; Cape Verde (N) [347]; Central African Rep. (N) [347]; Chad (N) [64]; Ethiopia (N) [24]; Gabon (N) [16]; Gambia The (N) [212]; Ghana (N) [347]; Guinea (N) [347]; Guinea Bissau (N) [212]; Ivory Coast (N) [8]; Kenya (N) [347]; Malawi (N) [8]; Mali (N) [347]; Mozambique (N) [347]; Niger (N) [78]; Nigeria (N) [347]; Sao Tome & Principe (N) [217]; Senegal (N) [347]; Socotra (N) [347]; Somalia (N) [347]; South Africa (N) [2298]; Sudan (N) [347]; Tanzania (N) [347]; Togo (N) [347]; Uganda (N) [210]; Zambia (N) [347]; Zimbabwe (N) [210]
  Asia
Bangladesh (N) [347]; Cambodia (N) [1937]; China (N) [1937, 3417]; Anhui [3417]; Gruzia (I) Abkhazia [4705]; Adzharia [2185]; Hainan (N) [3417]; India (N) [347, 1937, 1947, 3017, 3020, 3027, 3028, 3076, 3094, 3100, 3119, 3142, 3207, 3366, 3371, 3372, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3380, 3387, 3584, 3769]; Andhra Pradesh [3769]; Arunachal Pradesh [3207]; Assam [3207]; Bihar [3371]; Dadra-Nagar-Haveli [3207]; Daman [3207]; Delhi [3372]; Diu [3207]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3207]; Himachal Pradesh [3366]; Jammu-Kashmir [3584]; Karnataka [3020]; Kerala [3380]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3100]; Manipur [3142]; Meghalaya [3207]; Mizoram [3207]; Nagaland [3207]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3207]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [1947]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3366]; Uttar Pradesh [3387]; West Bengal [3119]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (N) [261, 347, 1937, 2075, 3004, 3898]; Bali [2075]; Irian Jaya (N) [261]; Japan (N) [1937]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Kalimantan (N) [3004]; Malaysia (N) [347, 1937, 2111, 3991]; Moluccas (N) [3004]; Myanmar (N) [1937, 1938, 3206]; Pakistan (N) [1937, 1938]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [2111]; Philippines (N) [347, 3206]; Russia in Asia (I) Krasnodar [4705]; Sarawak (N) [3991]; Singapore (I) [2111]; Sri Lanka (N) [347, 1937, 1957, 3859]; Sumatera (N) [2075]; Taiwan (N) [1179, 1937, 2017, 3417]; Thailand (N) [1937]; Uzbekistan (I) [4145]; Vietnam (N) [1937]
  Australasia
Australia (N) [1880, 3402]; Papua New Guinea (N) [261, 347]
  Caribbean
Bahamas (I) [2153]; Cayman Is (I) [453]; Dominican Republic (I) [2157]; Haiti (I) [2157]; Jamaica (I) [1056]
  Central America
Belize (I) [1242, 1645]; El Salvador (I) [2156]; Guatemala (I) [1645]
  Indian Ocean
Comoro Is (I) [3054, 4747]; Anjouan I [4747]; Grande Comore I [4747]; Laccadive Is (N) [3076, 3379]; Madagascar (U) [347, 3402]; Maldives (N) [3062, 3617]; Mauritius (I) [1915]; Reunion (I) [1915]; Rodrigues (I) [1915]; Seychelles (I) [1941]
  Middle East
Saudi Arabia (U) [1939]; Yemen (N) [347]
  North America
United States (I) [1409, 1430, 1597, 2658, 3157]; Florida [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (N) [261]
  South America
Peru (I) [2090]; Venezuela (I) [2233]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Lake Victoria regional mosaic; anthropic landscapes. [210];
    Lake Victoria regional mosaic; bushland and thicket [210];
    Somalia-Masai anthropic landscapes [210];
    Somalia-Masai bushland and thicket [210];
    Sudanian anthropic landscapes [210];
    Sudanian bushland and thicket [210];
    Zambezian anthropic landscapes. [210];
    Zambezian bushland and thicket [210];
    Zambezian wooded grassland [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 261, 1056, 1915, 1919, 1937, 1941, 1957, 2075, 2111, 2153, 2157, 2658, 3057, 3206, 3207, 3386, 3402, 3417, 3859, 3898, 4572] ; Illustration [261, 1919, 3207, 3417]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [3402] [4572] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-04 Seneviratne GI (Sinhala & Tamil Names), 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [1941] [3402], Shrub [261] [1941] [3402] [4572] ; Lifespan: Annual [3402], Perennial [261] [3402] [4572] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1994-10 Schrire BD ; Section: Indigofera sect. Indigofera [2654] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 2003-11 (Madagascar) Novoselova MS extract, 2004 (Malesia) Lock J

  
USES:
  Chemical products [261, 347, 1937, 3076]; Domestic [3076, 3402, 4572]; Environmental [347, 1937]; Medicine [1937, 1941, 3030, 3034, 3402]; Miscellaneous [3859]; Toxins [1937]

  
NOTES:
  Type species of genus. []
  Probably introduced to the Maldives, for it's dye, but now naturalised. [3076]
  No recent collections from Reunion and Rodrigues. [1915]
  Pantropical distribution. [1937]
  Introduced to America and elsewhere for indigo. [261]
  F.Pilipenko also indicates I. kirilowii Maxim. (Tashkent), I. gerardiana [4456]
  (Wall.)Baker (Krym, Caucasian Black Sea coast), I. potanini (Caucasian Black [4456]
  Sea coast) as species under experimental cultivating [4456]
  Native to Africa and India. [3056]
  Probably introduced to the Maldives originally with a view to cultivation for [3076]
  its dye, but is now naturalised. [3076]

  
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