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Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer

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HIGHER TAXON: Crotalarieae

GENUS: Crotalaria L.

Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer [Preferred name]
    Crotalaria cleomoides Klotzsch {Doubtful synonym}
    Crotalaria thomensis Baker f. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria usaramoensis Baker f. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria zanzibarica Benth. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Ahimatavy [3402]; Cascavelle Trois Feuilles [1941]; Marofolehana [3402]; Sonnette [1290]; Tcha-tcha [1290]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Kenya (I) [461]; Mozambique (N) [461, 3402]; Sao Tome & Principe (I) [461]; Tanzania (N) [461, 3402]
  Asia
China (I) [1179, 3440]; Fujian [3440]; Guangdong [3440]; Guangxi [3440]; Hunan [3440]; Sichuan [3440]; Yunnan [3440]; East Timor (I) [3004]; Hainan (I) [3440]; Indonesia (I) [261, 1943, 3004, 3898, 3966]; Irian Jaya (I) [261]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Kalimantan (N) [3004]; Malaysia (I) [1943]; Philippines (I) [1943]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957]; Sumatera (N) [3966]; Taiwan (I) [1929, 1937, 3440]; Vietnam (I) [1937]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880]; New South Wales [1880]; Queensland [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda (I) [1790]; Barbados (I) [1790]; Dominica (I) [1790]; Dominican Republic (I) [1430, 2157]; Guadeloupe (I) [1290, 1790]; Jamaica (I) [1056, 1430]; Martinique (I) [1290, 1790]; Puerto Rico (I) [1430, 2157]; St Lucia (I) [1790]
  Central America
El Salvador (I) [2145]; Nicaragua (I) [3348]
  Indian Ocean
Madagascar (I) [3402]; Mauritius (I) [1915]; Reunion (I) [1915]; Seychelles (I) [1941]
  North America
United States (I) [2157, 3157]; Florida [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (N) [261]; Nauru (I) [1289]
  South America
Brazil (U) [3279]; Peru (U) [2090]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [461];
    Zambezian grassland [461];
    Zanzibar-Inhambane regional transition zone; grassland. [461];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 261, 461, 1056, 1430, 1790, 1915, 1917, 1919, 1929, 1937, 1941, 1957, 2157, 3348, 3402, 3440, 3898] ; Distribution Map [461] ; Illustration [210, 261, 461, 1915, 1919, 1929, 1937]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [1941] [3402] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2001-06 Tozzi AM & Flores AS, 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] [3348], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915] [3402] ; Lifespan: Annual [261] [1915] [3402], Perennial [261] [1915] [3402] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 2001-06 Tozzi AM & Flores AS ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 2003-11 (Madagascar) Novosel

  
USES:
  Environmental [1915, 1957, 3898]; Fibre [3030]; Miscellaneous [1957]

  
NOTES:
  Tropical African species found as an escape from cultivation in many parts. [261]
  Native to East African Coast. [1915]
  Until now Crotalaria trichotoma was not recognised as the oldest name for the [1915]
  species, and has been known as C. zanzibarica. But a specimen of this species [1915]
  at Kew has been labelled by Bojer with the name C. trichotoma. [1915]

  
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

210.

  Gillett, J.B. et al., 1971
    Papilionoideae.In:Fl.Trop.E.Africa,Milne-Redhead & Polhill

261.

  Verdcourt, B., 1979
    A Manual of New Guinea Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae,PNG

461.

  Polhill, R.M., 1982
    A.A.Balkema,Rotterdam 389pp Crotalaria in Africa & Madagasca

1056.

  Adams, C.D., 1972
    Flowering Plants of Jamaica Univ. West Indies, Mona, Jamaica

1179.

  Chen, Te-chao & Wu, Te-lin, 1986
    Typed Script(MO)130pp Enumeration Chinese Papilionoideae

1289.

  Foster, R.C., 1958
    Contr.Gray Herb.184:91-102 catalogue of...plants of Bolivia

1290.

  Fournet, J., 1978
    Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe & Martinique

1430.

  Liogier, A.H., 1988
    Desc. Flora Puerto Rico & Adjacent Is-Spermatophyta Vol. II

1790.

  Howard, R.A. et al., 1988
    Dicotyledoneae Part 1.Fl. Lesser Antilles Arnold Arboretum

1880.

  Hnatiuk, R.J., 1990
    Census Australian Vasc. Plants, Bureau Fl. & Fauna, Canberra

1915.

  Polhill, R, M., 1990
    Legumineuses.In:Flore des Mascareignes,Vol 80.J. Bosser et a

1917.

  Harden, G.J.(Ed.), 1991
    Flora of New South Wales,Vol 2. Kensington: New South Wales

1919.

  Hacker, J.B., 1990
    A Guide to Herbaceous and Shrub Legumes of Queensland.

1929.

  Huang, T.C. & Ohashi, H., 1977
    In:Li,H.L. et al.(Eds.) Flora of Taiwan, Vol.3:148-421.

1937.

  Thuan, N. et al., 1987
    In: Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, Vol. 23.P.

1941.

  Robertson, S.A., 1989
    Flowering Plants of Seychelles. Kew

1943.

  de Munk, W.J., 1962
    Reinwardtia 6(3): 195-223. A preliminary revision of...

1957.

  Rudd, V.E., 1991
    A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon 7: 108-381.

2090.

  Zarucchi, J.L., 1993
    Monogr.Syst.Bot.Missouri Bot. Gard. 45:44-527.Cata.Fl.Pl.Gym

2145.

  Gleason, H.A. & Cronquist, A., 1992
    Manual of Vasc.Pl.of N.E. U.S. & Adjacent Canada (ed.2)

2157.

  Liogier, A.H., 1985
    La Flore de la Espanola.III

3004.

  Ford, C.S., 1994
    Kew Herbarium Material.

3030.

  Ambasta, S.P., 1986
    The useful plants of India

3157.

  Isely, D., 1998
    Native & naturalized Leg.of the USA.Brigham Young Univ.Utah

3279.

  Tozzi, A.M. & Flores, A.S., 2001
    Personal communication

3348.

  Stevens, W.D., et al., 2001
    Flora de Nicaragua,85(2)...Missouri Bot.Gard.Press

3402.

  Du Puy, D.J. et al., 2002
    The Leguminosae of Madagascar. RBG Kew.

3440.

  Yang, C.Y., 1998
    Crotalaria &... In:Fl.Reip.Pop.Sinicae,42(2) (Leguminosae 5)

3898.

  Backer, C.A., 1963
    Flora of Java. Groningen, The Netherlands

3966.

  Merrill, E.D., 1938
    Pap.Mich.Acad.Sci.Arts & Lett.24:73-74 New Sumatran PlantsIV

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