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Crotalaria juncea L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Crotalarieae

GENUS: Crotalaria L.

Crotalaria juncea L. [Preferred name]
    Crotalaria benghalensis Lam. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria fenestrata Sims {Synonym}
    Crotalaria ferestrata Sims {Synonym}
    Crotalaria porrecta Wall. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria sericea Willd. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria tenuifolia Roxb. {Synonym}
    Crotalaria viminea Wall. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Cascavelle [1941]; Grand Sonnette [1290]; Grand Tcha-tcha [1290]; Hana [4751]; Krotalyariya Sitnikovaya [4612]; Sannai [3030, 3587]; Sonnette [1290]; Sunn [3030, 3587]; Sunn Crotalaria [1862]; Sunn Hemp [261, 1056, 1902, 1941, 1957, 2266, 3030, 3587, 3625]; Sunnhemp [2914]; Tcha-tcha [1290]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Ghana (I) [212]; Kenya (I) [210, 461]; Nigeria (I) [212]; Senegal (I) [212]; South Africa (I) [261]; Tanzania (I) [210]; Togo (I) [23]; Uganda (I) [210]
  Asia
Afghanistan (I) [1939]; Bangladesh (U) [3767]; Bhutan (N) [1947]; Burma (U) [1943]; Cambodia (N) [1937]; China (N) [1179, 3440]; Fujian [3440]; Guangdong [3440]; Guangxi [3440]; Jiangsu [3440]; Shaanxi [3440]; Shandong [3440]; Sichuan [3440]; Yunnan [3440]; Zhejiang [3440]; Gruzia (I) Adzharia [4612]; India (N) [261, 461, 1914, 1915, 1944, 3017, 3028, 3032, 3040, 3092, 3094, 3099, 3140, 3366, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3378, 3386, 3623, 3663]; Andhra Pradesh [3386]; Arunachal Pradesh [3040]; Assam [3366]; Bihar [3371]; Delhi [3372]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3366]; Jammu-Kashmir [3366]; Karnataka [1944]; Kerala [3623]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3099]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [3140]; Tamil Nadu [3032]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3663]; West Bengal [3378]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (I) [261, 1943, 3004, 3898, 3967]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Irian Jaya (I) [261]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Laos (N) [1937]; Lesser Sunda Is (N) [1943]; Malaysia (I) [1943]; Moluccas (N) [3004]; Myanmar (N) [1914, 1943]; Nepal (I) [3369]; Pakistan (I) [1938, 2914]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [1943]; Philippines (I) [1943]; Singapore (I) [3938]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957]; Sulawesi (N) [1943]; Sumatera (N) [3967]; Taiwan (N) [1929, 3440]; Thailand (N) [2073, 3975]; Uzbekistan (I) [4392]; Vietnam (N) [1937]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [261, 1880]; New South Wales [1880]; Northern Territory [1880]; Queensland [1880]; Western Australia [1880]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]
  Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda (I) [1790]; Barbados (I) [1790]; Dominican Republic (I) [2157]; Haiti (I) [2157]; Jamaica (I) [1056, 2157]; Martinique (I) [1290, 1790, 2157]; Puerto Rico (I) [1430]; Virgin Is (I) [2157]
  Europe
Ukraine (I) Kiev [4694]
  Indian Ocean
Andaman Is (I) [3366]; Madagascar (I) [461, 1943, 3402, 3988]; Mauritius (I) [1915]; Reunion (I) [1915]; Seychelles (I) [3068]
  Pacific Ocean
Niue (I) [2266]
  South America
Brazil (I) [1414]; Colombia (I) [1110]; Guyana (I) [2285]; Surinam (I) [2285]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [461];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 261, 461, 1056, 1790, 1862, 1915, 1917, 1919, 1929, 1937, 1938, 1941, 1947, 1957, 2073, 2157, 2266, 3386, 3402, 3440, 3898, 3975, 3988, 4612] ; Distribution Map [2914] ; Illustration [261, 461, 1862, 1917, 1919, 1929, 1938, 2521, 3593, 3988, 4392, 4643]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] [1915] [3402] [4612] [4694] ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-04 Seneviratne GI (Sinhala & Tamil Names), 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915] [3402] [4612] [4694], Shrub [1941] [3581] ; Lifespan: Annual [261] [1915] [3402] [4612] [4694], Perennial [4612] [4694] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1998 Bisby FA, 2003-11 (Mada

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3773]; Environmental [261, 461, 1790, 1915, 1937, 1957, 4612]; Fibre [261, 461, 1790, 1915, 1937, 1938, 1947, 1957, 2914, 3030, 3034, 4612]; Food and Drink [1937, 3372]; Forage [3030, 3034, 3372]; Medicine [3034]; Miscellaneous [261, 3030]; Toxins [261, 1919]; Wood [2914]

  
NOTES:
  Major fibre crop in the Punjab (6,000-8,000 hectares) [2914]
  Grown for fibre and firewood in NW Frontier Province, but declining [2914]
  Suffers from pod borer damage in some areas [2914]
  Germplasm (seed) at PARC, Islamabad & International Jute Organisation, Dhaka [2914]
  An unnamed variety was recorded from the Seychelles by Bailey (1971). [3068]
  Pantropical. [1937]
  Native of India widely cultivated in the Tropics. [261]
  Suspected of poisoning sotck in Australia and South Africa. [261]
  D. Bailey in "List of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Seychelles..." 1971. []

  
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