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Trifolium echinatum M.Bieb.

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HIGHER TAXON: Trifolieae

GENUS: Trifolium L.

Trifolium echinatum M.Bieb. [Preferred name]
    Trifolium procerum Rochel {Synonym}
    Trifolium reclinatum Waldst. & Kit. {Synonym}
    Trifolium supinum Savi {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Hedgehog Clover [2183]; Klever Iglistyi [614, 2985]; Spiny Clover [2443]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Libya (N) [566]
  Asia
Armenia (N) [2985, 3539, 4527, 4540]; Azerbaijan (N) [2985]; Azerbaijan* [2185, 4526, 4527, 4540, 4541, 4542]; Gruzia (N) [2985]; Abkhazia [2985, 3557, 4522, 4529]; Adzharia [2185, 2985, 3557, 4538, 4540]; Gruzia* [2185, 3557, 4530, 4531, 4540, 4542]; Iran (N) [1861]; Iraq (N) [1862]; Pakistan (I) [1938]; Russia in Asia (N) [2985]; Dagestan [2985, 4540]; Krasnodar [2185, 2985, 4360, 4540]; Stavropol [2185, 2985]
  Europe
Albania (N) [454, 754]; Bulgaria (N) [454, 754, 2309]; Greece (N) [454, 754]; Hungary (N) [566]; Italy (N) [454, 754, 1883]; Malta (N) [454, 2443]; Romania (N) [754]; Sicilia (N) [454]; Turkey in Europe (N) [454, 754, 1869]; Ukraine (N) [2985]; Krym [2985, 3537, 4540, 4541, 4543]; Yugoslavia (N) [454, 754]
  Middle East
Cyprus (N) [454]; East Aegean Is(Greek) (N) [454]; Israel-Jordan (N) [454]; Lebanon (N) [1862]; Syria (N) [1862]; Turkey in Asia (N) [454]

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [566, 614, 754, 1861, 1862, 1869, 2443, 3538] ; Distribution Map [2185, 3538] ; Illustration [566, 1861, 1883, 2309]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [3538] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS ; Habit: Herb [3538] ; Lifespan: Annual [3538] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1991/1993 Heyn CC & Heller D, 2005-06 Roskov YR ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1991 (W Asia) Lock JM & Simpson K, 1993 Adams BR, 1993-1996 (N Eurasia) Roskov Y, Sytin A, Yakovlev, 1995 (Europe) Adams BR, 2004-11 (S Asia) Kumar S & Sane P, 2005 (CIS) Roskov Yu, Syt

  
USES:
  Forage [1862]; Weed [1862]

  
NOTES:
  Crimea: Ai-Danil [4541]

  
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

454.

  Greuter, W. et al. (Eds.), 1989
    Med-Checklist Vol.4 (published)

566.

  Zohary, M. & Heller, D., 1984
    The Genus Trifolium. Jerusalem.

614.

  Bobrov, E.G., 1941
    In:Flora URSS, Vol.11. Mosqua, Leningrad. (Rus)

754.

  Heywood, V.H. & Ball, P.W., 1968
    Leguminosae.In:Flora Europaea Vol.2.ed.Tutin,T.G.et al.

1861.

  Rechinger, K.H., 1984
    Flora Iranica. 157: Papilionaceae II.

1862.

  Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E., 1974
    Flora of Iraq. Vol.3. Baghdad.

1869.

  Davis, P.H., 1970
    Flora of Turkey & the East Aegean Islands; Vol. 3.

1883.

  Pignatti, S., 1982
    Flora Italica. Edagicole, Bologna.

1938.

  Ali, S.I., 1977
    Papilion. In:Flora of West Pakistan, No 100.

2015.

  Komarov, V.L., 1945
    Flora of the U.S.S.R. Vol XI (Engl. Translation 1972)

2183.

  Stace, C., 1991
    New Flora of the British Isles.Cambridge Univ.Press

2185.

  Grossheim, A.A., 1952
    Flora Kavkaza, Vol.5. Moscow,Leningrad. (Rus)

2309.

  Jordanov, D.(ed.), 1976
    Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae Vol.6.

2443.

  Haslam, S.M. et al., 1977
    A Flora of the Maltese Islands

2985.

  Yakovlev G, Sytin A & Roskov Y, 1996
    Legumes of Northern Eurasia. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

3538.

  Roskov, Yu.R., 1990
    Revis.of the g.Trifolium in fl.USSR.Cand.thes.Leningrad(Rus)

4541.

  Roskov, Yu.R., 1992
    Information from MW Herbarium (Moscow, Russia).
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