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Spartium junceum L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Genisteae

GENUS: Spartium L.

Spartium junceum L. [Preferred name]

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Broom Absolute [3127]; Genet Absolute [3127, 3128]; Genet d'Espagne [1915, 3052]; Genista [3127]; Ispanski Drok [4663]; Kurdglis Tzotzkha [2185]; Metelnik Prutievidnyi [4354]; Retama [1140, 1292]; Retama Macho [2191]; Spanish Broom [1902, 1957, 2080, 2183, 2187, 2188, 3127]; Varenak [2185]; Weaver's Broom [1957]; Weavers Broom [3127]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Algeria (N) [454]; Canary Is (N) [1886]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Kenya (I) [210]; Libya (N) [454]; Morocco (N) [454]; South Africa (I) [8]; Tanzania (I) [8]; Tunisia (N) [454]
  Asia
Afghanistan (I) [1861]; Armenia (I) [2985, 4471]; Azerbaijan (N) [2985]; Azerbaijan* [2185, 2985]; Bhutan (I) [1947]; China (I) [1179, 3393, 3443]; Jiangsu [3393]; Shanxi [3393]; Gruzia (I) [2985]; Abkhazia [2985, 4297]; Gruzia* [2185, 2985]; India (I) [1914, 3027, 3140, 3366, 3377]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Uttar Pradesh [3366]; Indonesia (I) [1969, 3898]; Iraq (I) [1862]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Pakistan (I) [1938]; Russia in Asia (I) [2985]; Krasnodar [2985, 4362]; Sri Lanka (I) [1957]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880, 3323, 3324]; Australian Capital Territory [3324]; Victoria [3323]
  Central America
Guatemala (I) [1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (I) [2233]
  Europe
Albania (N) [754]; Azores (N) [754]; Balearic Is (N) [754]; Bulgaria (I) [754]; Corsica (N) [754]; Estonia (I) [2985, 4341]; France (N) [754]; Great Britain (I) [2181, 2183, 2193]; Greece (N) [754]; Italy (N) [754]; Kriti (N) [754]; Malta (N) [454]; Portugal (N) [754]; Romania (I) [754]; Sardegna (N) [754]; Sicilia (N) [754, 2935]; Spain (N) [754, 1915]; Turkey in Europe (N) [754]; Ukraine (I) [2985]; Krym [2985, 4079, 4663]; Odessa [2985, 4678]; Zakarpatskaya [2985, 4257]; Yugoslavia (N) [754]
  Indian Ocean
Mauritius (I) [1915, 3052]
  Middle East
Israel (N) [1862]; Lebanon (N) [1862]; Syria (N) [1862]; Turkey in Asia (N) [454]
  North America
United States (I) [2089, 3127, 3326, 3327, 3328]; California [3326, 3327]; Oregon [3328]; Washington [3328]
  Pacific Ocean
Hawaii (I) [1949]; New Zealand(North) (I) [2080]; New Zealand(South) (I) [2080]
  South America
Argentina (I) [1140]; Bolivia (I) [2233]; Brazil (I) [2233]; Colombia (I) [1292]; Ecuador (I) [2233]; Peru (I) [2090]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Mediterranean bushland & thicket [526];
    Mediterranean woodland. [526];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [24, 368, 526, 754, 1140, 1645, 1861, 1862, 1915, 1921, 1938, 1947, 2050, 2080, 2086, 2089, 2191, 2196, 3443, 3449, 3898, 4354] ; Illustration [368, 526, 548, 1140, 1921, 2050, 2086, 2089, 2183, 2187, 2188, 2191, 2193, 2196, 2603, 3069, 3593]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [1915] [3898] [4354] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2003-02 Brewer PW, 2003-07 Brewer PW, 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Shrub [1915] [3898] [4354] ; Lifespan: Perennial [3898] [4354] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1991/1993 Cristofolini G & Feoli L, 2001-06 Cristofolini G ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Bisby FA, 1999 Bisby FA, 2004 (Malesia) Lock JM & Ford C (SJ2005), 2004-0

  
USES:
  Chemical products [2089]; Domestic [2185, 3127]; Environmental [368, 1292, 1862, 1915, 1957, 2086, 2185, 2193, 3898]; Fibre [24, 1862, 1957, 2089, 3127]; Forage [1862, 2185]; Medicine [1292, 1862, 3127]; Miscellaneous [1947, 1957]; Weed [3327]

  
NOTES:
  Poisoning has occurred from substituting this for Cytisus scoparius. []
  Sparteine, the active constituent in flowers, is toxic. [3138]
  The absolute is produced in southern France. [3127]
  Cultivated mainly in Spain, France, Italy and the United States. [3127]
  Herbarium specimens 2117492 and 241834 in Victoria State Herb. [3323]
  Chinese National Herbarium specimen - Shanxi - T.H.Wang 243 [3393]
  Chinese National Herbarium specimen - Jiangsu - Ke-jian Guang 78126 [3393]
  Native of the Mediterranean Region. [3898]
  Cultivated in the mountain regions of Java. [3898]
  Widely cultivated and naturalized in Crimea & Transcaucasia [3546]

  
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