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Melilotus officinalis (L.)Pall.

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HIGHER TAXON: Trifolieae

GENUS: Melilotus Mill.

Melilotus officinalis (L.)Pall. [Preferred name]
    Medicago officinalis (L.)E.H.L.Krause {Synonym}
    Melilotus arenarius Grecescu {Synonym}
    Melilotus arvensis Wallr. {Synonym}
    Melilotus melilotus-officinalis Asch. & Graebn. {Synonym}
    Melilotus neglectus Ten. {Synonym}
    Melilotus pallidus Ser. {Synonym}
    Melilotus petitpierreanus Willd. {Synonym}
    Trifolium Melilotus officinalis L. {Synonym}
    Trifolium melilotus-officinalis L. {Synonym}
    Trifolium officinale L. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Akta Sotvappling [4061]; Barkun Lekavy [4282]; Burkun Piskovyi [2985, 4328]; Burkun Zhovtyi [2985, 4694]; Common Yellow Melilot [1862]; Derman Kheshenbul [4168]; Donnik Lekarstvennyi [614, 2985]; Donnik Peschanyi [2985, 4328]; Donnik Zheltyi [614, 2985]; Dorugi [2985, 3549]; Dziedniecibas Amolins [2985, 3548]; Echter Honigklee [2205, 2444]; Echter Steinklee [4546]; Emteekh Donnik [2985, 4239]; Erba Vetturina [4061]; Eshek-Erundzha [4175]; Gelber Steinklee [2459, 4061]; Geltonziedis Barkunas [2985, 3567]; Isharvuit Dekhatu [2985, 4397]; Kollane Mesikas [3547]; Malyasnik [4282]; Medicinal Sweetclover [1862]; Melilot Jaune [4061]; Melilot Officinal [2459]; Meliloto Odoroso [4061]; Meliloto Officinale [4061]; Mottenklee [4061]; Nostrzyk Lekarski [4061]; Ribbed Melilot [2183, 2362]; Rohtomesikka [4061]; Sulchine Medichinale [2985, 4177]; Sulcina [4061]; Sulfina [4061]; Yellow Sweet Clover [1862, 4061]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Kenya (I) [210]; Libya (I) [454]; Morocco (I) [454]; South Africa (I) [279]
  Asia
Afghanistan (U) [1872]; Armenia (N) [2185, 2985]; Azerbaijan (N) [2985]; Azerbaijan* [2185, 4169]; Nakhichevan [2185, 2985, 4169]; China (I) [1179, 1914]; Xizang Zizhiqu [1914]; Gruzia (N) [2985]; Abkhazia [2185, 2985, 4297]; Adzharia [2185, 2985]; Gruzia* [2185]; India (N) [1872, 1914, 3140, 3582]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3582]; Iran (U) [1861]; Iraq (U) [1872]; Kazakhstan (N) [2985]; Aktyubinsk [2985, 3550]; Alma-Ata [2985, 3550]; Chimkent [2985, 3550]; Dzhambul [2985, 3550]; Dzhezkazgan [2985, 3550]; Guryev [2985, 3550]; Karaganda [2985, 3550]; Kokchetav [2985, 3550]; Kustanai [2985, 3550]; Kzyl-Orda [2985, 3550]; Mangyshlak [2985, 3550]; Pavlodar [2985, 3550]; Semipalatinsk [2985, 3550]; Severo-Kazakhstanskaya [2985, 3550]; Taldy-Kurgan [2985, 3550]; Tselinograd [2985, 3550]; Turgaiskaya [2985, 3550]; Uralsk [2985, 3550]; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya [2985, 3550]; Kirgizstan (N) [2985]; Frunze [2985, 4271, 4621]; Issyk-Kul [2985, 4271, 4621]; Osh [2985, 4271, 4621]; Pakistan (N) [1938]; Russia in Asia (N) [2985]; Altay* [2985, 4472, 4474, 4475]; Amur [2602, 2985, 4449]; Buryatiya [2985, 4472]; Checheno-Ingushetia [2985, 4362]; Chelyabinsk [2985, 4289, 4326]; Dagestan [2985, 4170, 4360]; Gorno-Altaisk [2985, 4317, 4472, 4473, 4475]; Irkutsk* [2985, 4472]; Kabardino-Balkaria [2985, 4362, 4493]; Kamchatka* [2985, 4449]; Karacheyevo-Cherkessia [2985, 4362, 4696]; Kemerovo [2985, 4474, 4475]; Khakassia [2985, 4040, 4317, 4472, 4475]; Krasnodar [2985, 4170, 4362, 4474]; Krasnoyarsk* [2985, 4185, 4472, 4475, 4487]; Kurgan [2985, 4289, 4326, 4406, 4472, 4473, 4475]; Novosibirsk [2985, 4317, 4475]; Omsk [2985, 4326, 4472, 4473, 4475]; Primorye [2602, 2985, 4449]; Sakhalin [2602, 2985, 4449]; Severo-Osetia [2985, 4362]; Stavropol [2985, 4170, 4362]; Sverdlovsk [2985, 4289, 4326]; Tomsk [2985, 3569]; Tuva [2985, 3572, 4317, 4472]; Tyumen [2985, 4289, 4326]; Yakutiya [2985, 3569]; Tadzhikistan (N) [2985]; Dushanbe [2985, 3549]; Gorno-Badakshan [2985, 3549, 4409]; Kulyab [2985, 3549]; Kurgan-Tyube [2985, 3549]; Leninabad [2985, 3549]; Taiwan (I) [1929]; Turkmenistan (N) [2985]; Ashkhabad [2985, 3562, 4575]; Chardzhou [2985, 3562, 4575]; Krasnovodsk [2985, 3562, 4575]; Mary [2985, 4575]; Tashauz [2985, 3562]; Uzbekistan (N) [2985]; Fergana [2985, 4345]; Kashkadarinskaya [2985, 4345]; Namangan [2985, 4345]; Samarkand [2985, 4345]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880, 1917]; New South Wales [1880]; South Australia [1880]; Western Australia [1880]; Tasmania (I)
  Central America
Mexico(North & Central) (I) [1460]
  Europe
Albania (N) [454, 754]; Austria (N) [754]; Balearic Is (N) [454, 754]; Belarus (N) [2985]; Brest [2985]; Gomel [2985]; Grodno [2985]; Minsk [2985]; Mogilev [2985]; Vitebsk [2985]; Belgium (N) [2459, 2460]; Bulgaria (N) [454, 754, 2309]; Corsica (N) [454]; Czechoslovakia (N) [754]; Denmark (I) [754]; Estonia (N) [2985, 3547]; Finland (I) [754]; France (N) [454, 754]; Germany (N) [754]; Great Britain (I) [754, 2183]; Greece (N) [454, 754]; Hungary (N) [754]; Ireland (I) [754]; Italy (N) [454, 754, 1883]; Latvia (N) [2985, 3548]; Liechtenstein (N) [2444]; Lithuania (N) [2985, 3567]; Luxembourg (U) [2459, 2460]; Moldova (N) [2985, 4177]; Netherlands (U) [754]; Norway (I) [754]; Poland (N) [754]; Romania (N) [754]; Russia in Europe (N) [2985]; Arkhangelsk [2985, 4293, 4666]; Astrakhan [2985, 4457, 4458]; Bashkiria [2985, 4381, 4461]; Belgorod [2985, 4650]; Bryansk [2985, 4650]; Chuvashia [2985, 4650]; Gorki [2985, 4650]; Ivanovo [2985, 4084]; Kalinin [2985, 4650]; Kaliningrad [2985, 4220]; Kalmykia [2985, 4060]; Kaluga [2985, 4650]; Karelia [2985, 4179]; Kirov [2985, 4034, 4293, 4647, 4666]; Komi [2985]; Komi-Permyak [2985, 4429]; Kostroma [2985, 4650]; Kuibyshev [2985, 4650]; Kursk [2985, 4650]; Leningrad [2985, 4388]; Lipetsk [2985, 4035, 4650]; Mari [2985, 4650]; Mordovia [2985, 4650]; Moscow [2985, 4650]; Murmansk [2985, 4342]; Novgorod [2985, 4388]; Orel [2985, 4650]; Orenburg [2985, 4461]; Penza [2985, 4650]; Perm [2985, 4429]; Pskov [2985, 4388]; Rostov-Don [2985, 4724]; Ryazan [2985, 4650]; Saratov [2985, 4650]; Smolensk [2985, 4650]; Tambov [2985, 4650]; Tataria [2985, 4461]; Tula [2985, 4650]; Udmurtia [2985, 4650]; Ulyanovsk [2985, 4650]; Vladimir [2985, 4650]; Volgograd [2985, 4558, 4559, 4561]; Voronezh [2985, 4650]; Yaroslavl [2985, 4650]; Sardegna (N) [454, 754]; Spain (N) [454, 754, 2363]; Sweden (I) [754]; Switzerland (N) [754, 2205]; Turkey in Europe (N) [454, 754, 1869]; Ukraine (N) [2985]; Cherkassy [2985, 4144]; Chernigov [2985, 4144]; Chernovtsy [2985, 4253]; Dnepropetrovsk [2985, 4110]; Donetsk [2985, 4110]; Ivano-Frankovsk [2985, 4255]; Kharkov [2985, 4547]; Kherson [2985, 4281, 4676]; Khmelnitski [2985, 4254]; Kiev [2985, 4395]; Kirovograd [2985, 4144]; Krym [2985, 3537, 4694]; Lvov [2985, 4255]; Nikolaev [2985, 4144]; Odessa [2985, 4079, 4287, 4678, 4679]; Poltava [2985, 4051]; Rovno [2985, 4144]; Sumy [2985, 4144]; Ternopol [2985, 4144]; Vinnitsa [2985, 4144]; Volynia [2985, 4255]; Voroshilovgrad [2985, 4110]; Zakarpatskaya [2985, 4257]; Zaporozhye [2985, 4110]; Zhitomir [2985, 4395]; Yugoslavia (N) [454, 754]
  Middle East
Lebanon-Syria (I) [454]; Turkey in Asia (N) [454]
  North America
Alaska-Aleutian Is (I) [1115, 1431]; Canada (I) [1115]; United States (I) [1119, 1431, 1673, 1680, 3157]; Alabama [3157]; Arizona [3157]; Arkansas [3157]; California [3157]; Colorado [3157]; Connecticut [3157]; Delaware [3157]; Florida [3157]; Georgia [3157]; Idaho [3157]; Illinois [3157]; Indiana [3157]; Iowa [3157]; Kansas [3157]; Kentucky [3157]; Louisiana [3157]; Maine [3157]; Maryland [3157]; Massachusetts [3157]; Michigan [3157]; Minnesota [3157]; Mississippi [3157]; Missouri [3157]; Montana [3157]; Nebraska [3157]; Nevada [3157]; New Hampshire [3157]; New Jersey [3157]; New Mexico [3157]; New York [3157]; North Carolina [3157]; North Dakota [3157]; Ohio [3157]; Oklahoma [3157]; Oregon [3157]; Pennsylvania [3157]; Rhode Island [3157]; South Carolina [3157]; South Dakota [3157]; Tennessee [3157]; Texas [3157]; Utah [3157]; Vermont [3157]; Virginia [3157]; Washington [3157]; West Virginia [3157]; Wisconsin [3157]; Wyoming [3157]
  South America
Chile (I) [1444]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Afromontane (upland) anthropic landscapes [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 368, 614, 754, 1861, 1862, 1917, 1921, 1938, 2205, 4203] ; Distribution Map [2185, 2363, 2602, 3569] ; Illustration [210, 1861, 1862, 1917, 2199, 2309, 2362, 3537, 3547, 3567, 4144, 4168]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [614] [3537] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157], 2005-10 von Raab-Straube E - Ed.scr.German Names ; Habit: Herb [614] [3537] ; Lifespan: Annual, Perennial [614] [3537] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1991/1993 Heyn CC & Heller D, 2005-06 Roskov YR ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1991 (W Asia) Lock JM & Simpson K, 1993 Adams BR, 1993-1996 (N Eurasia) Roskov Y, Sytin A, Yakovlev, 1995 (Europe) Adams BR, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 2004-11 (S Asia) Kumar S & Sane P, 20

  
USES:
  Domestic [2207, 2985]; Food and Drink [1862, 2207, 2985]; Forage [368, 2207, 2459, 2985]; Medicine [1862, 2207, 2459, 2985]; Miscellaneous [1862]; Weed [1862, 1938, 2362]

  
NOTES:
  In E.Europe occurs only in delta of Danube (Dunai) River (Karolino-Bugazskaya [4679]
  Kosa in Tatarbunarski Distr. of Odessa Province) [4679]

  
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